The total cost should be £93.75, the company will attempt to reduce the cost by £6.25 per unit (option A).
In target costing, the cost of the product is driven by the market, meaning that the price is set first, and then the product is designed to meet that price. The formula for target costing is:
Target price = Total cost + Desired profit
Let's calculate how much the company will attempt to reduce the cost of the product:
Total cost = Target price - Desired profit
Margin = Desired profit ÷ Target price
Margin = 25% ÷ £125 = 0.25
The margin is 25%, and the target price is £125. We can now use the formula to find the total cost:
Total cost = £125 - 25% x £125 = £125 - £31.25 = £93.75
The estimated cost of production is £100 per unit. Since the total cost should be £93.75, the company will attempt to reduce the cost by £100 - £93.75 = £6.25 per unit. Hence, the correct option is A) £6.25 per unit.
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Discuss the positive and negative job characteristics of
Sophia’s secondment.
Sophia Reddy is an accountant in her late 20s who works in the downtown Toronto office of Alicamber Ltd., a well- known accounting firm with two dozen offices across Canada. A few days ago, a senior m
Sophia Reddy is an accountant in her late 20s who works in the downtown Toronto office of Alicamber Ltd., a well-known accounting firm with two dozen offices across Canada.
Recently, she was seconded to the firm’s Edmonton office. The following are the positive and negative job characteristics of Sophia's secondment:Positive job characteristics of Sophia's secondment:
1. Learning New Skills: Secondment offers employees the opportunity to learn new skills or acquire further expertise in their field of work.
2. Career Development: Sophia's secondment to the Edmonton office can be a great opportunity to meet new people and form professional relationships that can help her career in the long run.
3. New Experiences: Secondment allows employees to gain exposure to different environments, cultures, and working styles.
Negative job characteristics of Sophia's secondment:
1. Adjustment period: It may take some time for Sophia to adjust to the new location and work environment.
2. Less Job Security: There is always a possibility that the secondment could be cancelled or end abruptly, and Sophia may have to return to her old position.
3. Increased Workload: Depending on the nature of the secondment, Sophia may be required to take on additional work and responsibilities that she is not used to.
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Karim Company prepared the statement of retained earnings at the end of each year. On 31/12/2018 the accountant maid a calculation error which overstated the ending balance of 2018 by $12,000. At the end of 2019 while preparing the retained earnings he discovered his error. Instruction: Prepare Retained Earnings Statement at the end of the current year if the net income was $20,000, dividends $5,000 and the beginning balance of retained earnings was $20,000.
To prepare the Retained Earnings Statement at the end of the current year, taking into account the error made in the previous year, we need to adjust for the overstated ending balance of 2018.
Given:
Net Income for the current year (2019) = $20,000
Dividends for the current year (2019) = $5,000
Beginning balance of Retained Earnings = $20,000
Overstated ending balance of 2018 = $12,000
We can calculate the correct ending balance of 2018 by subtracting the overstatement:
Correct ending balance of 2018 = Overstated ending balance of 2018 - Overstatement
Correct ending balance of 2018 = Ending balance of 2018 - $12,000
Now, we can calculate the Retained Earnings for the current year (2019):
Retained Earnings = Beginning balance + Net Income - Dividends
Retained Earnings = Correct ending balance of 2018 + Net Income - Dividends
Substituting the given values:
Retained Earnings = ($20,000 - $12,000) + $20,000 - $5,000
Retained Earnings = $8,000 + $20,000 - $5,000
Retained Earnings = $23,000
Therefore, the Retained Earnings Statement at the end of the current year would show a balance of $23,000.
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Identify and describe the key domestic arenas of public policy in the year 2022
Governments or their representatives identify a system of laws, regulations, rules, and financing priorities in order to achieve certain public interest objectives. Any public policy develops through an iterative process, from conception to evaluation.
The domestic arenas of public policy in 2022 can be identified and described as follows:-
1. Health: One of the main areas of domestic policy in 2022 will be health. Health policies include actions to improve the health of the nation, including the provision of adequate healthcare, the control of infectious diseases, and the prevention of chronic diseases.
2. Economy: Another crucial area of domestic policy is the economy. Economic policies aim to maintain economic stability, reduce unemployment rates, and stimulate economic growth. This could be achieved through policies such as tax reforms, fiscal policies, and monetary policies.
3. Education: Education policy is also significant, which includes everything from early childhood education to higher education. The government aims to improve the quality of education, increase access to education, and provide students with the skills they need to succeed in the workforce.
4. Environment: Environmental policy is also a vital area of domestic policy. This could include measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, combat climate change, protect natural resources, and promote sustainable development.
5. Immigration: Immigration policies will continue to be crucial in 2022, as governments grapple with how best to balance the economic and social benefits of immigration with the need to protect national security. Governments may take measures to increase or decrease the number of immigrants coming into the country or to regulate the types of immigrants who are allowed into the country.
The above are the five key domestic arenas of public policy that are expected to be of great importance in the year 2022.
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Zero to One book—comment on this book, reflect it. How it affected
you? With your own ideas and sentences.
"Zero to One" book by Peter Thiel profoundly influenced my entrepreneurial mindset, inspiring me to pursue unique and transformative ideas while challenging conventional thinking.
"Zero to One" book by Peter Thiel is a thought-provoking book that profoundly impacted my perspective on entrepreneurship and innovation. Thiel's emphasis on the importance of creating unique and transformative ideas, rather than simply copying existing models, resonated with me. The concept of going from zero to one, symbolizing the creation of something truly novel, inspired me to pursue groundbreaking ideas and approach problems with a fresh mindset. Thiel's insights on building monopolies through technological advancements challenged conventional thinking and encouraged me to seek untapped opportunities. This book served as a catalyst for my entrepreneurial drive, instilling in me the belief that true success lies in creating and capturing new value in the world.In conclusion, "Zero to One" by Peter Thiel had a profound impact on me, shaping my entrepreneurial mindset by emphasizing the importance of innovation, and unique ideas, and challenging conventional thinking in the pursuit of creating and capturing new value.
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what is the best explanation for budweiser being america’s best-selling beer? group of answer choices lower costs economies of scale intellectual property rights superior quality taste-based loyalty
Budweiser has become the best-selling beer in America due to a combination of factors, including economies of scale, lower costs, and taste-based loyalty. The correct option are 1) 2) and 5).
The brand has managed to position itself in the market as a high-quality beer that is affordable and accessible to a broad range of consumers. Additionally, it has maintained a strong brand image and has made effective use of marketing strategies to promote its products.
Economies of scale play a significant role in Budweiser's success. By producing a large volume of beer, the company can take advantage of lower production costs, which allows it to sell its products at a lower price. The larger scale of production also enables the company to have a wider distribution network, making it easier for consumers to access the product.
Furthermore, the lower production costs allow the company to invest more in marketing and promotion, which has helped to create a strong brand image. The Budweiser brand is associated with high-quality beer that is refreshing and has a unique taste.
Taste-based loyalty is also a significant factor in Budweiser's success. The brand has managed to create a loyal customer base by producing beer that has a distinct taste and quality. Consumers who enjoy the taste of Budweiser are more likely to continue purchasing it, which has contributed to its ongoing success.
In conclusion, Budweiser's success can be attributed to its lower costs, economies of scale, taste-based loyalty, and effective marketing strategies. The company has been able to position itself in the market as a high-quality beer that is affordable and accessible to a broad range of consumers. Additionally, it has maintained a strong brand image and has made effective use of marketing strategies to promote its products.
Therefore, The correct option are 1) 2) and 5).
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complete question
what is the best explanation for budweiser being america’s best-selling beer? group of answer choices
1) lower costs 2) economies of scale 3) intellectual property rights 4) superior quality 5) taste-based loyalty
Question 41 10 pts Looking at your profit and loss statement of your trucking firm, you note that you have operating revenue of $20M and operating expenses of $16M. What is your operating ratio? 20% 2
The operating ratio for your trucking firm is 80%. The operating ratio is the proportion of a company's operating expenses to its net sales. It can be used to evaluate a company's performance and efficiency.
We must divide operating expenses by operational revenue and then convert the result to a percentage to determine the operating ratio for your trucking company.
operating income of $20M
operating costs: $16 million
Operating Ratio is defined as (Operating Expenses / Operating Revenue) * 100
Operating Ratio is defined as (16 / 20) * 100 Operating Ratio is defined as 0.8 * 100 Operating Ratio is defined as 80%
As a result, your trucking company's operating ratio is 80%. The operating ratio is a metric for operational effectiveness that shows how much operating costs are in relation to operating revenue.
The operational ratio in this instance is 80%, which means that $0.80 of every dollar of income is used to pay operating expenses.
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According to Exhibit 4-8, which is the best chart for showing a distribution of a single variable, like height? About hair color? Major in college?
A bar chart would be ideal for displaying a single variable, such as height. Typically, a bar chart or a pie chart is used to visualise the distribution of a single category variable.
A bar chart, also known as a bar graph or column chart, displays levels of a category characteristic as bars of numerical values. Values are represented on one axis of the chart, while levels are plotted on the other.
One bar is claimed by each category value, and the value of each bar determines the length of the bar. A single record from a search is displayed on a single value chart in order to make that value stand out immediately.
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TRUE / FALSE. 1) State if the following statements are True or False and EXPLAIN your answer. a. The optimal tariff for a large country is always zero. (2 marks) b. An export subsidy refers to a tax on exports.
The statement "The optimal tariff for a large country is always zero" is False.
The optimal tariff for a large country is not always zero. The optimal tariff is the tariff that maximizes the country's welfare. It depends on several factors, including the country's terms of trade, demand elasticity, and the market structure of the importing country. In some cases, a large country may benefit from imposing tariffs that protect its domestic industries from foreign competition or raise revenue for the government.
The statement "An export subsidy refers to a tax on exports" is False.
An export subsidy is a payment or other assistance given by the government to a firm or industry that exports goods. The purpose of an export subsidy is to help domestic firms compete in foreign markets by lowering their costs or increasing their competitiveness. It is the opposite of a tax on exports, which would raise the costs of exporting goods and reduce a firm's competitiveness in foreign markets.
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in the company's accounting system all fixed expenses of the company are fully allocated to products. further investigation has revealed that $144,000 of the fixed manufacturing expenses and $93,000 of the fixed selling and administrative expenses are avoidable if product u23n is discontinued. the financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company of eliminating this product for the upcoming year would be:
If the product is discontinued, the company would save $237,000 in fixed expenses for the upcoming year.
To determine the financial advantage or disadvantage of eliminating product U23N for the upcoming year, we need to calculate the total savings from avoiding the fixed expenses associated with the product.
The avoidable fixed manufacturing expenses for product U23N are $144,000, and the avoidable fixed selling and administrative expenses are $93,000. Therefore, the total avoidable fixed expenses for the product are $144,000 + $93,000 = $237,000.
This represents a financial advantage for the company, as they would no longer need to allocate these expenses to the product.
It's important to consider any potential impact on revenue or contribution margin that the product may have had. If discontinuing the product results in a loss of revenue or reduces the overall contribution to the company's profitability, the financial advantage may be offset by these factors.
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Explain why the Furlough scheme was introduced during the lockdown.
The furlough scheme was introduced during the lockdown to support employees who were unable to work due to the pandemic. This scheme provided financial assistance to employees who could not work during the lockdown by the government.
The furlough scheme was introduced by the UK government in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to support businesses and their employees during the lockdown. The lockdown had a significant impact on the economy, with many businesses unable to operate and people unable to work. The furlough scheme provided financial assistance to employers so that they could pay their employees even if they were unable to work due to the pandemic.
This helped to prevent mass redundancies and job losses and ensured that businesses were able to retain their skilled workers during this challenging time.In summary, the Furlough scheme was introduced during the lockdown to provide financial support to employers so that they could pay their employees who were unable to work due to the pandemic. This scheme was intended to prevent mass redundancies and job losses and ensure that businesses were able to retain their skilled workers during the lockdown.
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i
need help solving this problem and how to do it?
Researchers collected a simple random sample of 36 children who had been identified as gifted in a large city. Sample statistics for the IQ scores of mothers and fathers of these children are provided
Hence, the sample statistics for the IQ scores of the mothers are a sample mean of 106 and a sample standard deviation of 4.06. The sample statistics for the IQ scores of the fathers are a sample mean of 112 and a sample standard deviation of 3.78.
Step1. The following are the sample statistics formulas for the IQ scores of mothers and fathers of 36 children who had been identified as gifted in a large city:
[tex]$$\bar{x}=\frac{\sum{x}}{n}$$$$s=\sqrt{\frac{\sum(x-\bar{x})^2}{n-1}}$$[/tex]
Where x is the data set, n is the sample size, $\bar{x}$ is the sample mean, and s is the sample standard deviation.
Step2. Sample statistics for the IQ scores of mothers of 36 children are provided below:
[tex]$\sum{x}=\text{3816}$, n = 36.$$\bar{x}=\frac{\sum{x}}{n}=\frac{3816}{36}=106$$and$$s=\sqrt{\frac{\sum(x-\bar{x})^2}{n-1}}=\sqrt{\frac{678.89}{35}}=4.06$$.[/tex]
Step3. The sample statistics for the IQ scores of fathers of 36 children are provided below:
[tex]$\sum{x}=\text{4026}$, n = 36$$\bar{x}=\frac{\sum{x}}{n}=\frac{4026}{36}=112$$and$$s=\sqrt{\frac{\sum(x-\bar{x})^2}{n-1}}=\sqrt{\frac{643.11}{35}}=3.78$$[/tex]
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Martinez Company's relevant range of production is 9,500 units to 14,500 units. When it produces and sells 12,000 units, its unit costs are as follows:
Amount per unit
Direct materials $5.60
Direct labor 3.10
Variable manufacturing overhead 1.40
Fixed manufacturing overhead 3.60
Fixed selling expense 2.60
Fixed administrative expense 2.20
Sales commissions 1.20
Variable administrative expense 0.45
If the selling price is $21.60 per unit, what is the contribution margin per unit sold? (Round answer to 2 decimal places)
The contribution margin per unit sold is $9.85 in the given case
To calculate the contribution margin per unit sold, we need to subtract the variable costs per unit from the selling price per unit.
Variable costs per unit = Direct materials + Direct labor + Variable manufacturing overhead + Sales commissions + Variable administrative expense
Variable costs per unit = $5.60 + $3.10 + $1.40 + $1.20 + $0.45 = $11.75
Contribution margin per unit sold = Selling price per unit - Variable costs per unit
Contribution margin per unit sold = $21.60 - $11.75 = $9.85
Variable costs are costs that change in direct proportion to the level of production or sales. They vary based on the volume of activity or the number of units produced or sold. As production or sales increase, variable costs also increase, and vice versa.
Therefore, the contribution margin per unit sold is $9.85.
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i) In India, the Foreign Exchange Reserves are kept in the custody of [ ]
ii) Maximum share in India’s total external debt is of [ ]
iii) The minimum interest rate of a bank below which it is not viable to lend, is called as [ ]
iv) The Laffer curve is the graphical representation of [ ]
v) What is the upper limit of transaction of amount via NEFT to a person in Nepal via the Indo-Nepal Remittance Facility Scheme?
vi) Devaluation of currency can correct a Balance of Payments deficit because [ ]
I) In India, the Foreign Exchange Reserves are kept in the custody of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
ii) The maximum share in India's total external debt is usually held by commercial banks.
iii) The minimum interest rate of a bank below which it is not viable to lend is called the Marginal Cost of Funds based Lending Rate (MCLR).
iv) The Laffer curve is the graphical representation of the relationship between tax rates and tax revenue. It suggests that there is an optimal tax rate that maximizes revenue, beyond which increasing tax rates may lead to a decrease in revenue.
v) As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, the upper limit of transaction amount via NEFT to a person in Nepal through the Indo-Nepal Remittance Facility Scheme was INR 50,000. Now, it is INR 25,000 from BC locations per day per person (remitter).
vi) Devaluation of currency can correct a Balance of Payments deficit because it makes the country's exports relatively cheaper and imports relatively more expensive. This can lead to an increase in exports and a decrease in imports, which can help in reducing the trade deficit and correcting the Balance of Payments. Additionally, devaluation can also attract foreign investments as assets become cheaper for foreign investors, further improving the Balance of Payments.
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Calculation Question (51 mal Show all necessary steps in your answere shown. marks will be awarded if the workings to your solutions ar Question 1 (10 marks) Suppose that your demand schedule for CD is as follows: Price Quantity demand (income =$10 000) Quantity demand (income =$12 00 $8 40 50 10 32 45 12 24 .30 14 16 20 16 8 12 a) Calculate your price elasticity of demand as the price of CD increases from $8 to $10 your income is $10 000 and ii) your income is $12 000. (5 marl b) Calculate your income elasticity of demand as your income increase from $10 000 to 000 if i) the price is $12 and ii) the price is $16. (5 mark QB-1 Type your answer here. H ▾ B I A X₂ X³ Q2-Q1/Q2+Q1/2/P2-P1/(P2+P1/2 Q1= 40 P1=8 Q2 = 50 P2=10 10/90/2/2/18/2 0.44/0.22 1.82 PgUp F5 K F4 F6 F7 ||| !!! PrtScn FB ✰ Home F9 End F10 F11
According to the situation, the price elasticity when income is $10,000 is -0.8; when income is $12,000 is -0.4. The income elasticity when the price is $12 is 1.25; when the price is $16 is 2.5.
In the field of economics, the income elasticity of demand refers to how responsively the amount of an item is desired to changes in consumer income.
It is calculated as the ratio of the percent change in revenue to the percent change in the quantity requested.
The formula for price elasticity:
Ер = Percentage change in quantity demanded / Percentage change in price.
[tex]E_{p}[/tex] = %ΔQ/ %ΔP
The formula for Income elasticity:
[tex]E_{I}[/tex]= %. Change in quantity demanded / % Change in Income
[tex]E_{I}[/tex] = %ΔQ/ %ΔI
Therefore, the following cases are as follows:
(a) (i) When income (I) = 10,000
At price [tex]P_{1}[/tex] = 8, [tex]Q_{1}[/tex] = 40
At price [tex]P_{2}[/tex] = 10 [tex]Q_{2}[/tex] = 32
% change in quantity demand = 32 - 40/ 40 × 100 = - 20
% change in price = 10 - 8 / 8 × 100 = 25
Price elasticity = -20/25 = -0.8
(ii) When income (I) = 12,000
At price [tex]P_{1}[/tex] = 8, [tex]Q_{1}[/tex] = 50
At price [tex]P_{2}[/tex] = 10 [tex]Q_{2}[/tex] = 45
Price elasticity = [tex]\frac{45-50}{50}[/tex] ÷ [tex]\frac{10-8}{8}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{-5}{50}[/tex] × [tex]\frac{8}{2}[/tex] = -0.4
(b) (i) When the price is $ 12;
At price [tex]I_{1}[/tex] = 10,000, [tex]Q_{1}[/tex] = 24
At price [tex]I_{2}[/tex] = 12,000, [tex]Q_{2}[/tex] = 30
% change in quantity demand = 30 - 24/ 24 × 100 = 25
% change in income = 12,000 - 10,000 / 10,000 × 100 = 20
Income elasticity = 25/20 = 1.25
(ii) When the price is $ 16;
At price [tex]I_{1}[/tex] = 10,000, [tex]Q_{1}[/tex] = 8
At price [tex]I_{2}[/tex] = 12,000, [tex]Q_{2}[/tex] = 12
% change in quantity demand = 12-8/ 8 × 100 = 50
% change in income = 12,000 - 10,000 / 10,000 × 100 = 20
Income elasticity = 50/20 = 2.5
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You and your team have just spent the last 2 weeks interviewing stakeholders for an important million-dollar project. All the completed stakeholder interview sheets have been completed and compiled by you and your team. You are about to do the stakeholder analysis to determine operational definitions for the top requirements of the project. Fully describe and/or illustrate how you will go about doing that.
After completing all the stakeholder interview sheets for the important million-dollar project, stakeholder analysis is the next step to determine the operational definitions for the top requirements of the project.
In the stakeholder analysis process, the following steps will be undertaken:
Step 1: Review and compile the results of all the stakeholder interview sheets that have been completed over the last two weeks by you and your team. Each completed stakeholder interview sheet contains important data about the requirements of the project. The data includes the following:
Requirements - This includes the expected requirements of the project from the stakeholder’s perspective. Priority - The level of priority of each requirement is assigned by the stakeholder. Constraints - The constraints that stakeholders expect to be managed in the project are noted. Opportunities - The potential opportunities for the project are noted.
Step 2: Identify the commonalities and differences in the data collected from the stakeholders and classify them into categories. This process is known as data categorization. The categories will be based on the priority of the requirements, and the similarities of the requirements mentioned by different stakeholders.
Step 3: Create a matrix to compare the requirements of different stakeholders and identify the areas of agreement and disagreement. The matrix will identify the level of agreement and disagreement between stakeholders.
Step 4: Prioritize the requirements by assigning weights to the different categories of requirements based on the level of agreement and disagreement between stakeholders. The categories with the highest weightings will indicate the top requirements of the project.
Step 5: The operational definitions for the top requirements of the project are then determined by analyzing the requirements and constraints specified by the stakeholders. This process will involve synthesizing the information and data collected from the stakeholders and analyzing it to ensure that the requirements are defined accurately and in sufficient detail.
In conclusion, the stakeholder analysis process is critical to determine the operational definitions for the top requirements of the project. The process requires a thorough review and compilation of the stakeholder interview sheets, data categorization, creating a matrix, prioritizing the requirements, and determining the operational definitions for the top requirements of the project.
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Which of the following statements about a supply curve is FALSE? a. It shows a direct (positive) relationship between price and quantity supplied. b. It shows the quantity supplied at each specific price. c. It typically slopes downward to the right. d. It has a positive slope.
The statement which is FALSE about the supply curve is: it has a positive slope. The correct answer is d
In this context, supply curve refers to a graph that shows the relationship between the price of a product and the amount of the product that producers are willing to sell. A supply curve is an upward sloping curve, which shows the positive relationship between the price of a commodity and the quantity supplied of that commodity.
In economics, the supply curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between the price of a commodity and the quantity supplied by sellers.Supply curves are always upward sloping. This is because as the price increases, sellers have an incentive to produce and sell more of the product to make a profit.
The quantity supplied will increase, as the price increases, this results in the upward sloping curve.
In conclusion, the false statement about the supply curve is that it has a positive slope. The slope is always positive or upward sloping. Therefore The correct answer is d it has a positive slope
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in 2017, adidas built a 3d printing plant that could produce shoes fully automatically in germany, while one of its us suppliers was experimenting with textile machines that could stitch together t-shirts completely automatically. from a dynamic (action-oriented) perspective, which crucial capability is being demonstrated by adidas? a. seizing b. reconfiguration c. sensing d. reverse innovation
The crucial capability that is being demonstrated by Adidas from a dynamic (action-oriented) perspective is "seizing."
This means that Adidas has the ability to quickly take advantage of new opportunities and technologies to improve its manufacturing process and overall performance.
By building a 3D printing plant that could produce shoes fully automatically in Germany and working with US suppliers experimenting with textile machines that could stitch together t-shirts completely automatically, Adidas has demonstrated its ability to seize opportunities and stay ahead of its competitors.
This capability is particularly important in today's fast-paced business environment, where companies need to be agile and responsive to changing market conditions and customer needs.
By continuously improving and innovating its products and processes, Adidas can maintain its competitive edge and continue to grow its business. Overall, this demonstrates Adidas's focus on innovation and its ability to adapt to changing circumstances to remain competitive in the marketplace.
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7) in chapter 1, principle 3 espouses the time value of money. why is this principle so important to financial planning? a) the principle allows us to determine how much money we will need to achieve our future goals. b) the principle shows us how inflation impacts our money over time. c) the principle helps us determine our savings needs today, in order to meet our future retirement goals. d) the principle shows us how important time and interest rates are to the accumulation of wealth. e) all of the above.
The principle of the time value of money is important to financial planning because it encompasses determining future funding needs, considering inflation, planning for retirement savings, and recognizing the impact of time and interest rates on wealth accumulation.
All the above
The time value of money is a fundamental principle in financial planning because it encompasses all the mentioned reasons.
a) It helps determine the amount of money needed to achieve future goals by considering the impact of time and interest rates on the value of money.
b) It shows how inflation affects the purchasing power of money over time, highlighting the importance of investing and earning a return that outpaces inflation.
c) It aids in determining the necessary savings today to meet future retirement goals, considering the growth potential of investments over time.
d) It emphasizes the significance of time and interest rates in accumulating wealth, as compounding returns can significantly impact investment growth.
Overall, the time value of money is vital to financial planning as it provides a framework for understanding and optimizing financial decisions across various time horizons.
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C1[20 points], Consumer theory and labour-leisure choice Note that parts a) and b) do not depend on each other and can be completed in either order. Your answer to this question should include graphs
Customer Theory, Microeconomics' consumer theory examines how people decide what to buy and how much to spend, taking into account their tastes and financial limitations. It is founded on the idea of utility, which stands for the satisfaction or joy obtained from consuming various things.
Customer Theory is the study of how people make financial decisions based on their own preferences and financial limitations. Consumer theory, a subfield of microeconomics, explains how people make decisions based on their disposable income and the costs of products financial limitations and services.
Vendors can forecast which of their items will sell more easily when they have a better understanding of how consumers behave, and economists can better understand the invisible hand, the unobservable processes that affect the economy.
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Foreign direct investment is an attractive option for firms looking to diversify their investment portfolios and creating opportunities for firms looking to enter emerging markets. True or False
The given statement "Foreign direct investment is an attractive option for firms looking to diversify their investment portfolios and creating opportunities for firms looking to enter emerging markets" is true because foreign direct investment (FDI) is considered to be an attractive option for firms looking to diversify their investment portfolios and creating opportunities for firms looking to enter emerging markets.
Many companies have pursued this method of investment as a means of establishing operations in emerging markets, lowering costs, and increasing profits. This has been the result of globalization, which has led to the emergence of new economies with untapped resources and markets.
In addition, this type of investment offers many advantages for firms, such as access to new customers and markets, reducing the cost of labor and production, and increasing efficiency. It also provides a means for firms to take advantage of tax benefits and other incentives offered by foreign governments. Furthermore, the implementation of free trade agreements (FTAs) has made it easier for firms to enter emerging markets and has provided more opportunities for companies to expand their operations.
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If expansionary monetary policy is implemented, what are the expected economic outcomes? (Attempt to draw the shifts in both the market for loanable funds and AD/AS model to generate your results) Sel
Expansionary monetary policy is implemented with the aim of stimulating economic growth and increasing aggregate demand.
This policy involves actions taken by the central bank, such as lowering interest rates and increasing the money supply.
The expected economic outcomes for the expansionary monetary policy are,
Market for Loanable Funds,
In the market for loanable funds, expansionary monetary policy leads to a decrease in interest rates.
This is achieved through actions such as reducing central bank's policy rate or implementing open market operations to increase money supply.
The decrease in interest rates encourages borrowing.
And investment, leading to an increase in the quantity of loanable funds demanded shift to the right.
And a decrease in the quantity of loanable funds supplied shift to the left.
Aggregate Demand (AD)/Aggregate Supply (AS) Model,
Expansionary monetary policy also affects the AD/AS model,
which depicts the relationship between aggregate demand and aggregate supply in an economy.
The expected outcomes are as follows,
Increase in Aggregate Demand,
Lower interest rates resulting from expansionary monetary policy encourage borrowing for investment and consumption.
This leads to an increase in consumer spending (C) and business investment (I), shifting the aggregate demand curve (AD) to the right.
Increased Economic Activity
The increase in aggregate demand stimulates economic activity, leading to higher output and employment levels.
Firms respond to increased demand by expanding production and hiring more workers, resulting in a positive multiplier effect on the economy.
Potential Inflationary Pressure
With increased aggregate demand, there is a possibility of inflationary pressure if the economy operates at or near full capacity.
As demand exceeds supply, firms may raise prices to maintain profitability
The extent of inflationary pressure depends on various factors, such as the degree of spare capacity in the economy and wage-price dynamics.
Positive Impact on Economic Growth
Expansionary monetary policy can contribute to overall economic growth by stimulating investment, consumption, and employment.
The increased economic activity can lead to higher output levels, increased productivity, and improvements in living standards.
Effectiveness of expansionary monetary policy depends on various factors,
Including the current state of the economy, the degree of responsiveness to interest rate changes,
and the presence of other economic factors that may influence aggregate demand and supply.
The impact of expansionary monetary policy may vary across different economic sectors and regions.
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How does the European Financial System differ from the
U.S. financial system?
The European financial system differs from the U.S. financial system in several ways.
Firstly, the European financial system is much more fragmented compared to the U.S. financial system, as it consists of many small markets with different regulatory frameworks. This fragmentation can hinder the flow of capital and make it harder for corporations to access financing.
Secondly, the European financial system places greater emphasis on bank lending, while the U.S. system relies more on capital markets. Banks in Europe typically have larger balance sheets, providing extensive services beyond lending, including investment banking and asset management.
Thirdly, the European Central Bank (ECB) has a much more proactive role in stabilizing financial markets compared to the U.S. Federal Reserve. The ECB is responsible for setting monetary policy for the entire eurozone, while the Fed is more focused on controlling inflation and maintaining price stability.
Lastly, the European financial system is subject to more extensive regulations and oversight compared to the U.S. system. The EU implemented the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR) and the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II) to strengthen regulation and oversight of financial markets and institutions. The US also has extensive financial regulations, but the scope of regulation is different due to regulatory agencies and the way they function.
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Amazon
Identify key performance indicators for the company you selected, including the following:
Cash flow from operations
Price-to-earnings ratio
Stock dividends and the yield, if any
Earnings per share ratio
Revenue estimates for the next 12 months
Revenue from the previous 3 years
Statement of cash flows and identify net cash from operating, investing, and financing activities over the past 3 years
Average trade volume.
Current stock price, 52-week high, and 1-year estimated stock price
Analysts’ recommendations for the stock (buy,sell, hold) Market cap for the company
Relate the stock price to price-to-earnings ratio.
Explain the market capitalization and what it means to the investor.
Evaluate trends in stock price, dividend payout, and total stockholders’ equity. Relate recent events or market conditions to the trends you identified.
Determine, based on your analysis, whether you think the organization is going to meet its financial goals, the outlook for growth and sustainability, and explain why you recommend this stock for purchase.
Amazon is one of the world’s most profitable e-commerce websites with a huge influence on the online shopping industry. The following are the key performance indicators of Amazon:
Cash flow from operations: Amazon's net cash from operating activities was $66.1 billion in 2020.Price-to-earnings ratio: Amazon's price-to-earnings ratio was 80.28 as of July 2021.Stock dividends and yield: Amazon does not pay dividends. Earnings per share ratio: In 2020, Amazon had earnings per share of $42.73.Revenue estimates for the next 12 months: The projected revenue for Amazon for the next 12 months is approximately $510 billion. Revenue from the previous three years: Amazon's revenue for the past three years is as follows:
.Analysts’ recommendations for the stock: Amazon is a buy, according to the recommendations of a majority of analysts. Market cap for the company: Amazon's market capitalization is approximately $1.73 trillion.Relate the stock price to price-to-earnings ratio: A stock's price-to-earnings ratio represents the company's stock price divided by its earnings per share. The stock price is related to the price-to-earnings ratio. Amazon's high price-to-earnings ratio is a sign that the market expects the company to generate higher earnings growth in the future.
Amazon has a high market capitalization, indicating that it is a profitable and established company that is likely to continue expanding in the future. Evaluate trends in stock price, dividend payout, and total stockholders’ equity. Relate recent events or market conditions to the trends you identified: Amazon's stock price has been steadily increasing over the past three years, as the company has continued to grow and expand.
Amazon does not pay dividends. Amazon's total stockholders' equity has also increased over the years, from $19.3 billion in 2018 to $82.4 billion in 2020. Recent market trends indicate that the e-commerce industry has been growing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and Amazon has been able to leverage this to its advantage. Determine, based on your analysis, whether you think the organization is going to meet its financial goals, the outlook for growth and sustainability, and explain why you recommend this stock for purchase: Based on the analysis, it can be said that
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What is COP 26 for sustainable supply chain and logistics. how it can help to sustainable supply chain and example of COP 16 ?
The 26th Conference of Parties (COP26) is a significant international event where policymakers gather to address the climate crisis. Sustainable supply chain and logistics are one of the critical topics on the agenda of COP26. COP26 aims to reduce the carbon footprint by enhancing the sustainable supply chain and logistics. It is essential to ensure that every stage of the production process contributes to the achievement of climate goals.
What is COP26 for sustainable supply chain and logistics?
COP26 is a platform for decision-makers to collaborate on various issues to address the climate crisis, including sustainable supply chain and logistics. COP26 is expected to help reduce carbon emissions in several ways. Through COP26, businesses, and policymakers can work together to increase transparency, reduce emissions, and make the supply chain more resilient and sustainable.How COP26 can help to sustainable supply chain?To achieve a sustainable supply chain, various practices must be adopted to minimize the environmental impact of logistics. Businesses and policymakers can develop strategic plans to increase the transparency of the supply chain, ensure that workers' rights are protected, and encourage sustainable production methods. Some key ways in which COP26 can help sustainable supply chains include:
1. Promoting renewable energy.
2. Encouraging electric vehicle (EV) adoption.
3. Developing circular economy practices.
4. Implementing green logistics practices.
5. Investing in low-carbon logistics.
Example of COP 16COP16 was the 16th Conference of Parties that took place in Cancun, Mexico, in 2010. The primary focus of COP16 was the development of sustainable supply chains. The conference aimed to improve sustainability in the supply chain through different practices, including reducing carbon emissions, developing green supply chain strategies, and ensuring workers' rights are protected. In conclusion, COP26 is an essential event that provides an opportunity for policymakers and businesses to collaborate on sustainable supply chain and logistics practices. By following the principles discussed in COP26, it is possible to achieve a sustainable supply chain that reduces carbon emissions and protects workers' rights.
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*How are the following related to each other?
a. the long-run equilibrium rate of output
b. the potential real GDP of the economy
c. the output rate at which the actual and natural rates of unemployment are equal
The long-run equilibrium rate of output, the potential real GDP of the economy, and the output rate at which the actual and natural rates of unemployment are equal are all related to each other in the context of macroeconomics.
The long-run equilibrium rate of output, the potential real GDP of the economy, and the output rate at which the actual and natural rates of unemployment are equal are all related to each other in the context of macroeconomics.
a. The long-run equilibrium rate of output refers to the level of output that an economy can sustain in the long run when all factors of production are fully utilized. It represents the level of output consistent with stable prices and full employment.
b. The potential real GDP of the economy represents the maximum level of output that an economy can produce when all resources are fully employed at their long-run sustainable levels. It is an estimate of the economy's productive capacity.
c. The output rate at which the actual and natural rates of unemployment are equal is often referred to as the natural rate of output or potential output. It represents the level of output at which the economy is operating at full employment, with no cyclical unemployment. It is the output level that is consistent with the natural rate of unemployment, which is the minimum level of unemployment achievable in the long run due to structural and frictional factors.
In summary, these concepts are related in that they all refer to the level of output that an economy can sustain in the long run, either in terms of full employment or productive capacity. They are used to analyze and understand the potential of an economy and its performance in the long term.
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If the demand function for a monopoly's product is
p = 110 - 5q,
then the firm's marginal revenue function is
OA. MR - 10q
OB. MR = 110-10q
O C. MR = 100-8q
OD. MR = 110-6q
If the demand function for a monopoly's product is p = 110 - 5q, then the firm's marginal revenue function is D: "MR = 110-6q."
In a monopoly, the marginal revenue (MR) function is derived from the demand function. The formula to determine the MR is MR = P + (1/Ed), where P is the price and Ed is the price elasticity of demand. In this case, the demand function is p = 110 - 5q, where p represents price and q represents quantity. To find the MR function, we take the derivative of the demand function with respect to quantity (q) and multiply it by -1. This gives us MR = 110 - 10q.
However, since the demand function is linear, the price elasticity of demand (Ed) is constant, and in this case, it is 2. Therefore, we adjust the MR equation to MR = 110 - 6q.
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Mary Doe was driving her Mustang on State Road 43 (a dark highway) at 2 AM. She was going 5 miles over the speed limit. The tints on her Mustang were darker than allowed by law. Officer Friendly was eating donuts in an alley that connects with State Road 43. He saw Mary's Mustang and decided to follow. After 30 minutes, Officer Friendly became agitated that Mary would not speed excessively. He turned on his lights in sheer frustration, and pulled her over.
Officer Friendly asked for Mary's license, registration, and proof of insurance; all of which were provided. Seeing nothing suspicious, but hesitant to return to his lonely donut-eating frenzy, Officer Friendly asked Mary if he could search her car. Mary, a bit scared, said, "Sure", as she stepped out of her Mustang.
While searching the backseat, Officer Friendly found a small baggie with residue. His years on the force inclined him to conclude that it was residue from marijuana. Officer Friendly told Mary that he was going to search the trunk because he had found the baggie. In the trunk there was nothing of interest, except a locked briefcase. Without asking for permission, Officer Friendly pried open the briefcase. In amazement, he saw two kilos of cocaine.
Mary was arrested and charged with intent to distribute. Her defense attorney, Roy Black, has filed a motion to suppress the baggie and the two kilos. He claims that the search of the car was illegal and that all evidence obtained from that illegal search should be suppressed.
If your last name starts with the letters A - K, you are defense attorney. Your job is to get the evidence suppressed.
If your last name starts with the letters L - Z, you are a prosecutor. Your job is to keep the evidence in.
The evidence (the baggie and the two kilos of cocaine) should not be considered as evidence against Mary in the court of law.
As the defense attorney, the Fourth Amendment of the U.S Constitution clearly protects citizens from unlawful searches and seizures. It is illegal for the Officer Friendly to stop Mary Doe in the first place, given the fact that he only did so because he found Mary's car to be attractive and suspicious. Moreover, as the defense attorney, Mary's privacy rights were violated when Officer Friendly searched her vehicle and found the baggie and two kilos of cocaine.
The officer violated the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution by searching Mary's vehicle without reasonable suspicion or a warrant. Also, as stated by the defense attorney, Roy Black, all evidence obtained from that illegal search should be suppressed. Therefore, the evidence (the baggie and the two kilos of cocaine) should not be considered as evidence against Mary in the court of law.
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Match each of the Seven Tools of Quality Control to the appropriate description for each. A tool used to identify the frequency of occurrence for each identified problem Pareto Analysis Histograms A tool used to sequence the movements or actions of people of things involved in a complex systemor Check Sheets activity Scatter Diagrams A tool used to organize and present process problems from most to least severe Control Charts Pareto Analysis A tool used to plot the values of two variables along two axes in order to reveal any correlation present Cause and Effect Diagrams A tool used to aid in brainstorming and isolating the Flow Diagrams causes of a problem A tool used to graph how a process changes over time A tool to graphical display data grouped into ranges
Here are the matched descriptions for each of the Seven Tools of Quality Control:
Pareto Analysis: A tool used to identify the frequency of occurrence for each identified problem.
Histograms: A tool to graphical display data grouped into ranges.
Check Sheets: A tool used to aid in brainstorming and isolating the causes of a problem.
Scatter Diagrams: A tool used to plot the values of two variables along two axes in order to reveal any correlation present.
Control Charts: A tool used to graph how a process changes over time.
Cause and Effect Diagrams: A tool used to organize and present process problems from most to least severe.
Flow Diagrams: A tool used to sequence the movements or actions of people or things involved in a complex system.
Please note that the order of the tools may vary based on different sources or interpretations, but the descriptions provided above match the given options.
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TJ Tile had the following items that require adjusting entries at the end of the year.
TJ pays payroll of $31,100 every other Friday for a 2-week period. This year the last payday is Friday, December 26. (Note: The work week is Monday through Friday.)
TJ purchased $140,000 of tile on July 1 with a note payable requiring 10% interest. The interest and principal on this note are due within 1 year. As of December 31, TJ had not made any principal or interest payments.
TJ’s earned income is $520,000 for the year for tax purposes. Its effective tax rate is 25%. These taxes must be paid by April 15 of next year.
Payroll Expense Adjustment has to be made by debiting payroll expense and crediting accrued payroll by $6,220.
This year the last payday is Friday, December 26. There will be two days' worth of payroll expenses (December 29 and December 30) that need to be recorded. The account for recording accrued payroll expenses is accrued payroll account.
Daily Payroll Expense = 31,100/10 days = $3,110
Payroll Expense for two days = $6,220
Interest Expense Adjustment has to be made by debiting Interest Expense and crediting Interest Payable by $7,000.
TJ has a note payable requiring 10% interest. Interest Expense has to be recorded from July 1 to December 31.
Interest Expense = $140,000×10%×6/12 = $7,000
Income Tax Expense Adjustment has to be made by debiting Interest Tax Expense and crediting Income Tax Payable by $ 130,000.
TJ’s earned income is $520,000 for the year for tax purposes and the effective tax rate is 25%. Hence adjustment has to be made of income tax amounting to $130,000 (520,000 × 25%).
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Assume Kalina's Krepes can hire workers at $500 a week and the rent is $1000 a week. Assume there are no other costs of production. d. Calculate the average total cost, average variable cost, average fixed cost, and marginal cost of each output in the table. Plot these curves below. e. If the price per crepe in the market is $15 (these are fancy crepes!), will Kalina produce crepes or shut down in the short run? Is she making positive profits, negative profits, or breaking even? What does this tell you about what Kalina will do in the long-run? f. What happens to the cost curves if the rent on Kalina's factory goes up by $200/wk? g. What happens to the cost curves if the workers negotiate a wage increase of $100/wk?
The average total cost (ATC), average variable cost (AVC), average fixed cost (AFC), and marginal cost (MC) of each output in the table are as follows:
Output | ATC | AVC | AFC | MC
------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | --------
1 | $1750 | $1750 | $1000 | $1750
2 | $875 | $875 | $500 | $1250
3 | $667 | $500 | $167 | $667
4 | $500 | $333 | $167 | $333
5 | $375 | $250 | $125 | $125
The cost curves are plotted below:
graph showing the average total cost, average variable cost, average fixed cost, and marginal cost curves for Kalina's KrepesOpens in a new windowChegggraph showing the average total cost, average variable cost, average fixed cost, and marginal cost curves for Kalina's Krepes
If the price per crepe in the market is $15, Kalina will produce crepes in the short run. She will make a profit of $500 per week. In the long run, Kalina will expand her production to 5 crepes per week, where she will make the maximum profit of $1250 per week.
If the rent on Kalina's factory goes up by $200/wk, the cost curves will shift up by $200/wk. The new ATC, AVC, AFC, and MC curves will be as follows:
Output | ATC | AVC | AFC | MC
------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | --------
1 | $1950 | $1950 | $1200 | $1950
2 | $1075 | $1075 | $500 | $1450
3 | $833 | $667 | $167 | $833
4 | $625 | $417 | $167 | $417
5 | $450 | $300 | $150 | $300
If the workers negotiate a wage increase of $100/wk, the cost curves will shift up by $100/wk. The new ATC, AVC, AFC, and MC curves will be as follows:
Output | ATC | AVC | AFC | MC
------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | --------
1 | $1850 | $1850 | $1000 | $1850
2 | $1025 | $1025 | $500 | $1325
3 | $750 | $625 | $167 | $750
4 | $550 | $375 | $167 | $375
5 | $400 | $250 | $125 | $250
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