A type of bacteria doubles every (n) hours, and we will begin a culture with 10 bacteria. The amount of bacteria there will be after n hours will be: Y = 10* e²ᵇ
We must simulate the behavior of a function for use in practical applications. In mathematical modeling, we pick a well-known general function with characteristics that imply that it will model the actual phenomenon we want to study. When growth is brisk, we can pick the exponential growth function:
Y= A₀* eᵇⁿ
Y = 10* e²ᵇ
where, A₀ denotes the value at time zero that is initial number of bacteria, (e) denotes the Euler constant, and b is a positive constant that establishes the growth rate (%). Applications involving doubling time, or the time it takes for a number to double (n) , can be solved using the exponential growth function. Wildlife populations, investments, biological samples, and natural resources are examples of phenomena that can grow based on a doubling time.
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research on aging suggests that as cells age, their rate of cell division decreases until they ultimately no longer divide. which of the following would provide evidence that the decreased rate of cell division is a cellular response related to cell signaling? decreased numbers of cytoplasmic ribosomes decreased affinity of growth factor receptors for their respective ligands decreased hormone production in aged cells decreased atp production in aged cells
The statement which provides evidence about the decreased rate of cell division is B)Decreased affinity of growth factor receptors for their respective ligands. So, correct option is B.
In each of the 4 tissues, there was a critical decline in cell division rates with age. Conversely, cell division rates didn't diminish in that frame of mind of matured mice, and just little abatements were seen in their small digestive tract or throat. These outcomes have significant ramifications for grasping the connection between ordinary undeveloped cells, maturing, and disease. Besides, they give a conceivable clarification to the baffling age-subordinate deceleration in disease frequency in exceptionally old people however not in mice.
Another assessment of recently distributed information recommended to us that the amassing of changes could slow, as opposed to increment, as people age. To make sense of this surprising finding, we estimated that ordinary undifferentiated cell division rates could diminish as we age. To test this speculation, we assessed cell division rates in the epithelium of human colonic, duodenal, esophageal, and back ethmoid sinonasal tissues.
Hence, correct option is B.
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(Complete question) is:
Research on aging suggests that as cells age, their rate of cell division decreases until they ultimately no longer divide. Which of the following would provide evidence that the decreased rate of cell division is a cellular response related to cell signaling?
A. Decreased numbers of cytoplasmic ribosomes
B. Decreased affinity of growth factor receptors for their respective ligands
C. Decreased hormone production in aged cells
D. Decreased ATP production in aged cells
Using the following chart, which chain of amino acids would be produced by the sequence of this very short, complete mRNA: UAUUAUGCCUGAGUGAAUUGCUA?
Anwser: Methionine-Proline-Glutamate.
The chain of amino acids would be produced by the given sequence of mRNA is as follows:
Tyr-Tyr-Ala, Val-Asn-Cys. What do you mean by Amino acids?Amino acids may be defined as the building blocks or monomers of proteins. They usually consist of an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a distinctive side chain. These monomers are held together by peptide bonds in order to make a protein.
The codon UAU codes for the amino acid tyrosine. While the codon GCC codes for the amino acid alanine. There are three stop codons that terminate the synthesis of proteins. They are UAA, UGA, and UAG. While the codons GUG, AAU, and UGC encode for valine, asparagine, and cysteine.
Therefore, the chain of amino acids would be produced by the given sequence of mRNA is well described above.
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review the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes by clicking and dragging the labels to the correct location to correctly complete each statement.
Genotype alludes to the alleles you have for a specific quality or set of qualities. phenotype is the actual quality itself, which might be affected by genotype and natural variables.
The term "phenotype" alludes to the detectable actual properties of a life form; these incorporate the organic entity's appearance, improvement, and conduct. An organic entity's not entirely set in stone by its genotype, which is the arrangement of qualities the living being conveys, as well as by natural impacts upon these qualities.
A singular's genotype is the blend of alleles that they have for a particular quality. A singular's aggregate is the mix of perceptible attributes or qualities. While a living being's genotype is straightforwardly acquired from its folks, the phenotype is just impacted by the genotype.
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sort the following protein complexes of the electron transport chain according to whether they are involved in pumping protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane or not.
A protein complex is a sub-atomic machine that comprises a few proteins (nucleic acids and different particles) that tight spot each other at a similar spot and time (e.g., record factors, histones, polymerases, and so forth.).
An electron transport chain is an assortment of protein edifices and different particles that utilize redox responses to energize an electron from electron givers to electron acceptors while likewise moving protons across a layer. Electrons are moved to start with one particle and then onto the next in the electron transport chain, and the energy delivered during these electron transporters is utilized to frame an electrochemical slope. The put-away energy in the angle is utilized to deliver ATP in chemiosmosis.
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The cortical regions indicated by E are involved in which functions?
A. The production and interpretation of language.
B. The storage of motor patterns for skilled movements of skeletal muscles.
C. The generation of emotional responses.
D. The control centers for homeostatic and endocrine functions.
The cortical areas indicated by E are involved in the functions of the production and interpretation of language.
The true choice is A.
The most important part of the brain in language activities is the cerebrum. The part of the cerebrum that is directly involved in language processing is the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is the part that looks like white lumps and is the largest part of the human brain system. This section regulates or manages cognitive processes in humans, and one of them, of course, is language.
The cerebral cortex consists of two parts, namely the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere. The right hemisphere controls the processing of spatial and visual information (seeing, coloring, or perceiving spaces or objects in three dimensions). While the left hemisphere controls language activities besides, of course, other cognitive processes. Coordination between the two is possible because of the structure that identifies these two parties, namely the corpus callosum.
This question is accompanied by an image.
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What is the name of the signaling molecules used in endocrine signaling?
Answer:
The signaling molecules used in endocrine signaling are called hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers that are produced by glands in the endocrine system and released into the bloodstream, where they can circulate throughout the body and regulate the function of various organs and tissues. Some examples of hormones include insulin, thyroid hormone, and estrogen.
Explanation:
Which of the following statements about dinoflagellates is false?
A) They possess two flagella.
B) Some cause red tides.
C) their walls are composed of cellulose plates.
D) Many types contain chlorophyll.
E) Their fossil remains form limestone deposits.
The false statement about dinoflagellates is their fossil remains form limestone deposits.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
What are dinoflagellates?Dinoflаgellаtes аre motile unicellulаr аlgаe chаrаcterized by а pаir of flаgellаe. Mаny dinoflаgellаtes аre photosynthetic, whereаs others аre mixotrophic. Whereаs most аre strictly mаrine, some dinoflаgellаtes occupy brаckish аnd freshwаter environments.
Dinoflаgellаtes аlso exhibit remаrkаble trаits: In аddition to chlorophyll, some possess cаrotenoid pigments (dinoxаnthin аnd peridinin), giving them а flаmboyаnt red colorаtion, whereаs others аre bioluminescent. Some species form blooms in the oceаns, а phenomenon cаlled “red tide” due to colorаtion of the wаter resulting from the intense concentrаtion of аlgаl cells. Dinoflаgellаtes аre encrusted with plаtes mаde of а cellulose-like mаteriаl аnd silicа.
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rank the following cells and particles in order according to size, with the smallest at the top and largest at the bottom.
The rank of particles in order according to size, with the smallest at the top and the largest at the bottom:
1. Protein
2. T2 bacteriophage
3. Influenza virus
4. E. coli bacterium
5. Eukaryotic cell
Protein- 3-6 nm, Proteins are in charge of nearly every aspect of cellular life, including the internal organization and shape of cells, the production of products, the removal of waste, and routine maintenance.
T2 bacteriophage- 60 nm, Enterobacteria phage T2 is a virus that infects and kills E. coli. It belongs to the family Myoviridae and the genus Tequatrovirus.
Influenza virus- 60 to 160 nm, An infection of the respiratory system's nose, throat, and lungs is known as the flu (influenza).
E. coli bacterium- 2000 nm, A Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped coliform bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia.
Eukaryotic cell- 10,000 nm, eukaryote, any cell or organism with a distinct nucleus. The eukaryotic cell has an atomic layer.
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(complete question)
rank the following cells and particles in order according to size, with the smallest at the top and the largest at the bottom.
E. coli bacterium, Eukaryotic cell, T2 bacteriophage, Protein, Influenza virus
which one of the following statements is correct? a dna cut into two pieces, leaving short regions of single-stranded dna at the ends. which one of the following statements is correct? a dna cut into two pieces, leaving short regions of single-stranded dna at the ends. if a restriction enzyme is combined with a piece of dna that contains its restriction site, the result will be restriction fragments. if a restriction site is cut with a restriction fragment, the results will be multiple restriction enzymes. if a restriction fragment is cut with a restriction enzyme, even more restriction fragments will be produced. if a restriction enzyme is cut at its restriction site, the result is one or more restriction fragments.
The restriction enzymes when combined with the DNA containing restriction sites lead to cuts at those sites yielding restriction fragments. The second statement is correct.
The restriction enzymes are the enzymes that recognize specific sites known as restriction sites. These are enzymes that are found in bacteria and this feature is used as a modern biotechnology tool for genetic editing.
There are two ways the ends are formed after the action of a restriction enzyme. It can form blunt ends or sticky ends. The sticky ends have a region at the end that is single-stranded. This region can then join according to the complementary base pairing with another strand having complementary sticky ends.
If it is assumed that the RE (restriction) enzyme is not interrupted during the generation of restriction fragments, the resulting restriction fragments would not yield more restriction fragments when re-incubated with the RE enzyme.
A restriction enzyme cuts only at restriction sites forming restriction fragments that do not yield more restriction fragments on subsequent action of the restriction enzyme.
In conclusion, the action of restriction enzymes on DNA gives smaller fragments of DNA. The second option is correct.
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The life supporting zone of the earth is *
A) Lithosphere
B) Hydrosphere
C) Atmosphere
D) Biosphere
Answer:
The correct answer is D) Biosphere. The biosphere is the part of the earth that supports life. It includes all of the living organisms on earth, as well as the air, water, and soil that they depend on. The lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere are also important parts of the earth, but they do not directly support life in the same way that the biosphere does.
Explanation:
During Charles Darwin’s first presentation following his voyage on the HMS Beagle, he attempts to document his evidence of gradualism – an idea he learned about from reading Charles Lyell’s book Principles of Geology. What evidence did he present? What did he describe as the “key” to the
formation of mountains?
He found fossils in top where it should be miles below.
Charles Darwin’s describe a lot of time as the key to the
formation of mountains.
Who is Charles Darwin?
Charles Darwin was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology.
Charles Darwin proposed that all species of life have descended from a common ancestor is now generally accepted and considered a fundamental concept in science.
Charles Darwin first presentation following his voyage on the HMS Beagle, he attempts to document his evidence of gradualism – an idea he learned about from reading Charles Lyell’s book Principles of Geology found fossils in top where it should be miles below. So he concluded that a lot of time as the key to the formation of mountains.
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where would you except to find the most of the sedimentary rocks on earth
The basic elements of the nervous system are called Multiple Choice erythrocytes. neurotransmitters. neurons. neutrophils.
The basic elements of the nervous system are called neurons (Option C).
What are the neuron cells of the nervous system?The neuron cells of the nervous system are the most important cells of this organ system which are responsible for receiving and sending messages to the brain and thus transducing the signals from the surrounding environment
These cells (the neuron cells of the nervous system) are also known as nerve cells due to their relative importance in this organ system and s they receive sensory signals from the surrounding conditions and also motor executive functions to the muscle cells.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the neuron cells of the nervous system are the most important cells of the nervous system whose main function is to transmit messages from the surrounding input environment to functions that are processed into the brain.
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What is the overall net gain of ATP in aerobic respiration per one molecule of glucose?
between 0-10
between 10-20
between 30-40
between 40-50
Overall net gain of ATP in aerobic respiration per one molecule of glucose is between 30-40.
What do you mean by aerobic respiration?Aerobic respiration is the process of cellular respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen gas to produce energy from food.
During aerobic cellular respiration, glucose reacts with oxygen, forming ATP that can be used by the cell. Carbon dioxide and water are created as byproducts.
Aerobic respiration provides energy to fuel all cellular processes. The reactions produce ATP, which is then used to power other life-sustaining functions, including growth, repair, and maintenance.
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Give the % yield if 1.78 g of O₂ is produced
%Yield =
Actual Yield/
Theoretical Yield x 100%
%Yield = _________x 100%.
= ____?______ %
a) The mass of the oxygen is 1.97 g
b) The percent yield is 90.4 %
c) The mass of the oxygen is 1.55 g
What is the percent yield?We know that the percent yield has to do with the amount of the reactants that has been converted into products in the given reaction. In this case, the reaction that we are dealing with is the decomposition of the potassium oxo chlorate V molecule.
Now we have that;
a) Number of moles of the chlorate = 5 g/122.5 g/mol
= 0.041 moles
If 2 moles of the chlorate produces 3 moles of the oxygen
0.041 moles of the chlorate produces 3 moles * 0.041 moles/ 2 moles
= 0.0615 moles
Mass of the oxygen produced = 0.0615 moles * 32 g/mol
= 1.97 g
b) Percent yield = Actual/Theoretical * 100/1
= 1.78/1.97 * 100/1
= 90.4 %
c) For a percent yield of 78.5% =
Actual = Percent yield * Theoretical /100
= 78.5 * 1.97/100
= 1.55 g
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% yield = (1.78 g / theoretical yield) × 100%
To calculate the percent yield, you need to know the actual yield and the theoretical yield of the reaction.
In this case, the actual yield is given as 1.78 g of O₂. The theoretical yield represents the maximum amount of product that can be obtained under ideal conditions.
To calculate the theoretical yield, you need to know the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Assuming the reaction is complete, the coefficients of the balanced equation can be used to determine the stoichiometry of the reaction.
For example, if the balanced equation is:
2 A + 3 B → 4 C + 2 D
Then, you can use the stoichiometry to find the theoretical yield. Let's say the molar mass of O₂ is 32 g/mol. In this case, we need to calculate the moles of O₂ using the given mass of 1.78 g:
moles of O₂ = mass of O₂ / molar mass of O₂
Next, we need to use the stoichiometry to find the moles of the desired product. Let's assume that O₂ is the limiting reactant and that it is completely converted to the product. From the balanced equation, we can see that 4 moles of C are produced for every 2 moles of O₂:
moles of C = moles of O₂ × (4 moles of C / 2 moles of O₂)
Now that we have the moles of C, we can calculate the theoretical yield of C in grams by multiplying the moles by the molar mass of C.
theoretical yield of C = moles of C × molar mass of C
Finally, we can calculate the percent yield using the formula:
% yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100%
Substituting the values we calculated:
% yield = (1.78 g / theoretical yield) × 100%
Please note that without the balanced chemical equation and additional information, it is not possible to provide a specific numerical answer for the percent yield.
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If you did an experimental cross and it got 1152 individual offspring how many of those offspring would have to be yellow to have a 3 to 1 yellow to green ratio from the cross
Answer: 864 yellow 288 green
Explanation:
Describe the four layers of the Earth and the response of at least three sentences name at least one important quality of each layer
Answer: the four layers of earth are: the inner core, the outer core, the mantel, and the crust. The inner core contains the heaviest elements and solid metals. The outer core is liquid and not as hot than the inner core. The mantel is the densest its solid but moves and that causes the earth quakes on the surface. The crust is the thinnest which is different under the ocean and on the continents. Its the coolest of all four and it consists of plates that are moving.
Explanation:
we have learned that reliance on culture has increased in the course of human history. yet the fact and mechanisms of evolution remain a key part of our human present and future because
The reason behind fact and mechanisms of evolution remain a key part of our human present and future is because c) people have not stopped adapting biologically. So, correct option is c
When an animal varieties is adequately dependent on gaining from others for at any rate a few parts of its conduct collection, social developmental cycles can emerge, and these cycles can modify the climate looked by regular determination following up on qualities.
To foster models of social development, we start by taking the hypothetically grounded and exactly tried speculations about our gaining brain science — who individuals gain from and what they will generally deduce while learning — to build models that look at what happens when bunches of people are learning in these ways, and communicating over ages.
On account of their devotion and recurrence of purpose, human social abilities to learn are most likely one of a kind in leading to combined social development, the cycle through which learning collects fruitful changes and fortunate blunders over ages
Hence, correct option is c
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(Complete question) is:
We have learned that reliance on culture has increased in the course of human history. Yet the fact and mechanisms of evolution remain a key part of our human present and future because
A.
they provide the clues to building a better human race by promoting directed speciation.
B.
the pace of evolution has been continuously increasing, as human cultural solutions have not been able to keep up with environmental changes such as global warming.
C.
people haven't stopped adapting biologically.
D.
they continue to justify anthropology's biocultural perspective.
E.
they determine, at the genetic level, our phenotype.
4. As food travels through the digestive system, it is exposed to a variety of pH
levels. The stomach has a pH of 2 due to the presence of hydrochloride acid (HCI),
and the small intestine has a pH ranging from 7 to 9. HCI converts pepsinogen into
pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach. Which of the following most
likely happens to pepsin as
it enters the small intestine?
A. It becomes inactive.
B. It begins to replicate.
C. It's shape changes to engulf large proteins.
D. It's activity increases
to digest more proteins.
More than one of the following may be correct. Select all correct choices. A sharp increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure would directly cause
A sharp increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure would directly cause an increase in fluid movement to the interstitial spaces.
Capillary hypertension causes the production of a protein-poor ultrafiltrate, which when it enters the interstitial space increases the amount of the interstitial fluid.
A rise in small artery, arteriolar, or venous pressure raises capillary hydrostatic pressure, which favors filtration. Fluid filtration will be reduced if the hydrostatic pressure gradient (PC - Pi) reduces due to an increase in interstitial pressure. Large rises in tissue interstitial pressure, on the other hand, can cause tissue damage and cellular death.
Edema occurs when plasma oncotic pressure falls, hydrostatic pressure rises, capillary permeability rises, or a combination of these variables occurs. When lymphatic flow is impeded, edema can develop.
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1. Cellular respiration is a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into energy stored in the molecule _________. Aerobic respiration requires the presence of Oxygen___________ and releases water and _________________ as waste products.
Answer:
Cellular respiration is a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into energy stored in the molecule ATP. Aerobic respiration requires the presence of Oxygen and releases water and carbon dioxide as waste products.
Explanation:
which of the following is not true about the cell membrane
Phospholipid heads are negative and attracted to water is not true about the cell membrane.
Name the main layers of a tropical rain forest. What kinds of plants grow in each
layer?
Answer:
Most rainforests are structured in four layers: emergent, canopy, understory, and forest floor.
A student wanted to find out how temperature might affect the germination of seeds.
(1) What is the variable that should be changed?
(2) What is the variable that should be measured?
(3) What are the 3 important variables that should be kept constant?
Answer:
(1) The variable that should be changed is the temperature.
(2) The variable that should be measured is the germination rate of the seeds.
(3) The 3 important variables that should be kept constant are the type of seeds, the amount of water, and the amount of light. In order to isolate the effect of temperature on seed germination, it is important to keep these other variables constant so that they do not affect the results of the experiment.
What was one strength of Darwin's theory?
a. He knew about genetics.
b. He knew that species change quickly in spurts.
c. A large amount of data supported his work.
d. He knew that some organisms reproduce at a greater rate than others.
Answer: C. A large amount of data supported his work.
Darwin did not know that genetics existed, but he did collect evidence from birds with a common ancestor and theorized that they split because of evolution.
Have a good day!
The one strength of Darwin's theory is the large amount of data which is supported by his work. Thus, the correct option is C.
What is Darwin's theory?Darwin proposed a theory which describes that a species can change over time, that a new species come from the pre-existing species, and that all the species share a common ancestor. In this model of Darwin, each species has its own unique set of heritable or genetic differences from the common ancestor, which have been accumulated gradually over a period of very long period of time.
Darwin used multiple lines of evidence to support his theory of evolution of population through natural selection such as fossil evidence, biogeographical evidence, and anatomical evidence. The one strength of Darwin's theory is the large amount of data which is supported by his work.
Therefore, the correct option is C.
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The region identified by location 4 on the map is classified as belonging to the tundra biome. Which of the following climate graphs most accurately depicts the conditions found in this biome?
A
B
C
D
Answer:
B
Explanation:
For more proof look at the second image
I WILL LOVE YOU FOREVER IF YOU ANSWER THIS TONIGHT : Tall red-flowered plants are crossed with short white-flowered plants. The resulting F1 generation consists of all tall pink-flowered plants. Assuming that height is a simple case of dominance and flower color involved incomplete dominance, determine the results of an F1 cross of TtRW plants. Determine the gametes, then using a Punnett square, find the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2 generation.
When the dihybrid cross is made between two TtRW plants, then the ratio of genotype produced from this cross will be 3:6:3:1:2:1 (tall red: tall pink: tall white: dwarf red: dwarf pink: dwarf white).
What is inheritance?
Inheritance is the process through which genetic information is passed on from the parents to their offspring. This is possible through the gametes which fuse together to form zygote (2n). This zygote have similar characteristics to both of the parents.
In mendelian inheritance, complete dominance is observed which states that an allele could be completely dominant or completely recessive there is no in between.
However, some exceptions like incomplete dominance and codominance have been found later where, the presence of two contrasting alleles will lead to development of a phenotype which is in between the two.
In the F2 generation of the cross between the TtRW plants. The phenotype ratio will be 3:6:3:1:2:1 (tall red: tall pink: tall white: dwarf red: dwarf pink: dwarf white).
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Mutational signatures of p53 are shown in the figure (G.P. Pfeifer et al., Nature, 21(48), 2002) for the three types of cancer with the highest death rates in the United States: lung (~225,000 deaths in 2016), breast (246,000), and colorectal (381,000).
As shown under each graph in the figure, particular transversions (replacement of a pyrimidine by a purine of vice versa) or transitions (replacement of a purine or pyrimidine by the alternative purine or pyrimidine) are features of specific mutational signatures.
Based on these data, identify the transversion or transition that seems to be induced by cigarette smoke.
The transversion or transition that seems to be induced by cigarette smoke is due to tranversions.
What is the result of mutation?A mutation has been known as the result of the changes in the structure of a gene, these variations would be happened in the nucleotide sequence of the genome, and it can be as the consequence of DNA damage.
One type of the DNA mutation has the substitution of one base pair for another. Two type of the substitutions that could be happened. One of them are the transversions, which are interchanges of a purine (A or G) for a pyrimidine (C or T) and vice versa.
Therefore, The transversion or transition that seems to be induced by cigarette smoke is due to tranversions.
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what is the meaning of eliminated
Answer:
completely remove or get rid of (something)
Answer:
the act of considering and rejecting each possible choice until only one is left or removing soming. for example in squid games everyone got killed/eliminated at the end but ONLY ONE won.
In the process of , DNA is used as a template for making another type of nucleic acid called . The process begins when the enzyme binds to a region called the .
In the process of transcription, DNA is used as a template for making another type of nucleic acid called RNA. The process begins when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region called the promotor.
What is transcription?Transcription is a genomic process in which RNA is generated from DNA. This will generate an mRNA that will contain the genetic information of the protein that the gene encodes.
Transcription will be generated in the nucleus of the cell, there the RNA polymerase will bind to the DNA in the promoter to begin to generate the RNA copy, generating a transcription bubble to generate the RNA.
The transcription is preceded by the traduction that will take place in the cytoplasm of the cell to generate proteins from the mRNA.
Therefore, we can confirm that in the process of transcription, DNA is used as a template for making another type of nucleic acid called RNA. The process begins when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region called the promotor.
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