Based on the research of Philip Reno, the reduced sexual dimorphism observed in early hominins provides evidence for increased investment in offspring, pair bonding, and male cooperation.
Reduced sexual dimorphism refers to a smaller difference in physical characteristics between males and females. This suggests that early hominin males and females had more similar body sizes and morphological features compared to other primates. This reduced sexual dimorphism can be interpreted as evidence for cooperation and certain social behaviors.
One possible explanation for reduced sexual dimorphism is increased investment in offspring. When males play a significant role in caring for offspring, there is less selection pressure for large size differences between sexes. This suggests that early hominin males were involved in the care and provisioning of their offspring, leading to reduced dimorphism.
Pair bonding is another possible factor associated with reduced sexual dimorphism. If early hominins formed long-term pair bonds, it would promote cooperation between males and females. This cooperative behavior could have resulted in reduced physical differences between the sexes.
Lastly, male cooperation is indicated by reduced sexual dimorphism. If males in early hominins engaged in cooperative activities, such as hunting or defense, it could have favored reduced size differences between males to facilitate coordination and cooperation within the group.
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ANSWER ASAP TIMED 25 POINTS
Vocabulary: Define the following vocabulary terms in your own words.
1. Ancestor
2. Trait
3. Population
4. Natural Selection
5. Artificial Selection
6. Variation
7. Environmental Pressure
8. Heredity
Answer:
Ancestor- Someone that you have descended from. Typically someone you are distantly related to.
Trait- A quality or characteristic specific to a person.
Population- The number of people in an area.
Natural selection- The process where organisms adapt to their environment (this theory was first studied by Charles Darwin).
Artificial Selection- a process used in breeding animals or cultivating plants.
Variation- A change or difference in something.
Environmental pressure- Things that cause the environment to change.
Heredity- Physical or mental characteristics passed on to offspring.
What are Tectonic Plates made of and what do they do?
Answer:
They move
Explanation:
Answer:
A tectonic plate (also called lithospheric plate) is a massive, irregularly shaped slab of solid rock, generally composed of both continental and oceanic lithosphere.Plate tectonics move because they are carried along by convection currents in the upper mantle of the planet (the mantle is a slowly flowing layer of rock just below Earth's crust). Hot rock just below the surface rises and when it cools and gets heavy, it sinks again.
Explanation:
Which of the following statements are true about oxidative phosphorylation?
A. Electron transport provides energy to pump protons into the intermembrane space.
B. An electrochemical gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
C. Potassium and sodium ions form an ionic gradient across the inner mitochondrial
membrane.
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C
The following statements are true about oxidative phosphorylation: Electron transport provides energy to pump protons into the intermembrane space. An electrochemical gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The answer is Option D.
Oxidative phosphorylation is the final step in cellular respiration that takes place in the electron transport chain in which the electrons move down the chain of proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The energy produced by this electron transport chain pumps hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes, producing an electrochemical gradient.
The protons or hydrogen ions that get pumped into the intermembrane space then re-enter the inner mitochondrial matrix through the ATP synthase enzyme, which synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.ATP is then used to power many cellular processes. Potassium and sodium ions are not involved in the formation of the electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Therefore, options A and B are correct, making option D, Electron transport provides energy to pump protons into the intermembrane space, and An electrochemical gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane. the right choice. The answer is 2; Option D.
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Forensic scientists have been called by police to come to a home. There is a dead body in the living room, which has been found by the victim's dog walker when she entered the home through the back door. The front door was shut and locked, and there is no sign of other forced entry. The dog walker states that a vase is missing from the living room. What would be the best question for the forensic scientists to ask in this situation?
Where is the missing vase?
How did the victim die?
How did the robber get in the house?
Did the dog walker steal the vase?
Answer:
I think it might be how did the victim die because they might have died of a heart attack or something normal. Then they can start asking where the vase went.
a paleontology student plans to compare the genomes of fossilized marine organisms from africa and north america to identify how long ago they had a common ancestor. like most old fossils, the tissue and shell of the organism have been replaced by quartz and calcium rock. what faulty reasoning will the student's research advisor most likely point out? (2 points) the ancient marine organisms most likely lack a common ancestor shallow enough in the ocean to be reached. the genomes would have suffered mutations after the organisms died due to environmental factors, so they will yield incorrect ages. the rock that makes up the fossils replaced the organisms' tissue and genetic material, so their genomes can't be extracted. the fossils are on two different continents, so a common ancestor will not exist.
The faulty reasoning that the research advisor is most likely to point out is A: "The ancient marine organisms most likely lack a common ancestor shallow enough in the ocean to be reached," and D: "The fossils are on two different continents, so a common ancestor will not exist."
The research advisor is likely to point out that the assumption of the ancient marine organisms lacking a common ancestor shallow enough in the ocean to be reached is faulty reasoning. This is because organisms in the ocean, regardless of their depth, still share common ancestry and can be compared genetically to determine their evolutionary relationships. The depth of the ocean does not prevent the existence of a common ancestor.
Similarly, the assumption that a common ancestor will not exist simply because the fossils are on two different continents is also faulty. Evolutionary relationships are not limited to geographic proximity. Organisms can migrate, disperse, and evolve over time, leading to the possibility of a common ancestor existing even between organisms on different continents.
Options A and D are answers.
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16. Cells can be classified into two different categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Which of the
following information is needed in order to determine if an organism is prokaryotic?
A. The organism's color and mass.
B. The organism's internal structures.
C. If the organism is unicellular or multicellular.
D. The methods the organism uses to feed and move.
PLEASE EXPLAIN why the answers are correct and the others are incorrect (for my assignment) to be marked brainliest
Answer:
D.The methods the organism uses to feed and move.
Which of the following are true about the Cambrian explosion?
Fossil evidence is found in the evaporites in Texas
A diversity of different phyla with huge anatomical differences all appear at once in the fossil record
Fossil evidence is found in the Burgess Shale
provides evidence for many transitional species with very little anatomical difference
Marks the beginning of the Paleozoic era
It marks the beginning of the Cambrian period
Answer:
b I think but I am not sure but have a good day
Please complete the passages about marine ecosystems. A(n) is a brackish-water ecosystem located at the mouth of a river. Tides have a heavy influence on this ecosystem. Mangrove trees dominate this ecosystem in the tropics, but a variety of salt-tolerant, herbaceous plants dominate at middle and high latitudes. Primary productivity is high because nutrient-rich sediments fuel plant growth. This ecosystem is also the world's most endangered marine ecosystem due to threats from human settlement. A(n) ecosystem is found in temperate and polar waters where the water temperature does not exceed 20 °C (68 "F). Large algae that form "forests" dominate this ecosystem. The algae only grow in water shallower than 50 m (165 ft). Pacific sea otters play a key role in this ecosystem. People often call - ecosystems the rainforests of the sea because of their extraordinary biodiversity. This ecosystem requires clean, well-lit water between 18 °C and 30 °C (64 °F and 86 "F). Approximately 4,000 species of marine fish use this ecosystem at some point in their life cycles. Flowering plants that resemble grasses dominate ecosystems. This type of ecosystem is most common in tropical waters, but is found in temperate waters as well. Some animals, such as green sea turtles, manatees, and the dugong graze in this ecosystem. Please complete the passages about marine ecosystems. A(n) estuary this o domi ecosy is a brackish-water ecosystem located at the mouth of a river. Tides have a heavy influence on es dominate this ecosystem in the tropics, but a variety of salt-tolerant, herbaceous plants atitudes. Primary productivity is high because nutrient-rich sediments fuel plant growth. This most endangered marine ecosystem due to threats from human settlement. seagrass meadow mangrove forest A(n) ecosystem is found in temperate and polar waters where the water temperature does not exceed 20 °C kelp forest (165 at form "forests" dominate this ecosystem. The algae only grow in water shallower than 50 m y a key role in this ecosystem. mangrove forest Peopl estuary ecosystems the rainforests of the sea because of their extraordinary biodiversity. This beach and rocky shore 11-lit water between 18 °C and 30 °C (64 °F and 86 "F). Approximately 4,000 species of marine ne point in their life cycles. mangrove forest Flowering plants coral reef to ecosystems. This type of ecosystem is most animals, such as green sea turtles, manatees, and common in tropical waters, but is found in tempe kelp forest the dugong graze in this ecosystem. estuary seagrass meadow
An estuary is a brackish-water ecosystem located at the mouth of a river. Tides have a heavy influence on this ecosystem. Mangrove trees dominate this ecosystem in the tropics, but a variety of salt-tolerant, herbaceous plants dominate at middle and high latitudes. Primary productivity is high because nutrient-rich sediments fuel plant growth. This ecosystem is also the world's most endangered marine ecosystem due to threats from human settlement.
A kelp forest ecosystem is found in temperate and polar waters where the water temperature does not exceed 20 °C (68 °F). Large algae that form "forests" dominate this ecosystem. The algae only grow in water shallower than 50 m (165 ft). Pacific sea otters play a key role in this ecosystem. People often call kelp forest ecosystems the rainforests of the sea because of their extraordinary biodiversity. This ecosystem requires clean, well-lit water between 18 °C and 30 °C (64 °F and 86 °F). Approximately 4,000 species of marine fish use this ecosystem at some point in their life cycles. Flowering plants that resemble grasses dominate seagrass meadow ecosystems. This type of ecosystem is most common in tropical waters but is found in temperate waters as well. Some animals, such as green sea turtles, manatees, and the dugong graze in this ecosystem.
In summary, an estuary ecosystem is a brackish-water ecosystem dominated by mangroves or salt-tolerant plants. It is highly productive but also highly threatened. A kelp forest ecosystem is characterized by large algae growing in shallow, temperate waters and is home to a wide variety of species. Seagrass meadow ecosystems are dominated by flowering plants and support a diverse range of marine life, including grazing animals. Each of these ecosystems plays a vital role in marine biodiversity and highlights the importance of their preservation.
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what is the principle drawback of broad-spectrum pesticides?
The primary disadvantage of broad-spectrum pesticides is their potential to destroy non-target organisms.
The primary disadvantage of broad-spectrum pesticides is their potential to destroy non-target organisms. Broad-spectrum pesticides are intended to kill a wide variety of pests, but they also kill helpful insects such as bees, birds, and butterflies, as well as animals like fish, amphibians, and mammals that live in waterways or eat contaminated prey. As a result, broad-spectrum pesticides have a greater environmental effect than more specific alternatives. These toxins also have a negative impact on human health, posing potential dangers to people who work with pesticides, consume tainted food, or breathe contaminated air.The danger of pesticides has been recognized by scientists, environmentalists, and the public at large. Scientists, environmentalists, and the public at large have all recognized the danger of pesticides. To combat this, new types of pesticides are being developed that are less hazardous to non-target organisms and the ecosystem as a whole, such as selective pesticides that target only certain species of pests while leaving other species unharmed. Integrated pest management (IPM), which aims to minimize pesticide use while still managing pest populations, is another environmentally sustainable alternative to broad-spectrum pesticides.
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Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that is caused by different mutations within the CFTR gene. One mutation in the CFTR gene that leads to cystic fibrosis causes translation to end earlier in the gene sequence. Which type of mutation causes this translation error that leads to cystic fibrosis?
Answer:
The type of mutation that causes this translation error is called deletion. Deletion occurs when a section of a DNA is deleted or lost. In cystic fibrosis, three nucleotides are deleted that results in the lost of phenylalanine
How does competition limit the amount of individuals in populations?
Answer:
Due to competition, many animals starve, many become prey, etc.
Explanation:
You discover a new species of ascomycete fungus and find that the diploid nuclei of the fungus contain 22 chromosomes. A single diploid cell in an ascus will undergo one round of meiosis, followed in each of the daughter cells by one round of mitosis, producing a total of eight ascospores. If a single, diploid G2 nucleus in an ascus contains 800 nanograms (ng) of DNA, then a single ascospore nucleus of this species should contain how much DNA (ng), carried on how many chromosomes
how do the two sets of muscles work together to make air enter the lungs
Answer:
Here you go
Explanation:
downward toward the abdomen, and the rib muscles pull the ribs upward and outward. This makes the chest cavity bigger and pulls air through the nose or mouth into the lungs.
Write an example of DNA before and after a point mutation
Answer:
An example of DNA is the chain of basic materials in the chromosomes of the human cell.
After mutation, the DNA sequence is changed.
is determining sex through chromosomes a random genetic event?
After food is digested, a carbohydrate called ______ will leave the bloodstream through a capillary wall.
After food is digested, a carbohydrate called glucose will leave the bloodstream through a capillary wall.
Glucose is a simple sugar. It is a primary source of energy for cells. It is absorbed from the digestive system into the bloodstream and then transported to various tissues and cells throughout the body.
Through the process of cellular respiration, glucose is used by cells to produce ATP. ATP is the energy currency of the cell. Excess glucose in the bloodstream can be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles or converted into fat for long-term energy storage.
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b. the video says that she is in poor health, having lost 20 pounds in recent weeks. assume she has a body weight of 55kg (about 120 pounds). what was her dose of sodium chloride
The woman's dose of sodium chloride from drinking a liter of soy sauce would be approximately 94 grams (79mg x 1,000ml).
Consuming such a high amount of sodium chloride can be extremely dangerous and potentially fatal. The woman's poor health condition, indicated by her significant weight loss, likely contributed to the severity of the situation.
Sodium chloride is an essential electrolyte for the body, but excessive intake can disrupt the body's fluid balance and put strain on the kidneys and cardiovascular system. It is crucial to maintain a balanced and healthy diet and consult medical professionals for any concerns regarding toxins or digestive health.
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The complete question is:
In 2018, a woman died when she drank a full liter of soy sauce in an attempt to rid her digestive tract of toxins. Soy sauce has $79mg of sodium chloride in each tablespoon.
The video says that she is in poor health, having lost 20 pounds in recent weeks. Assume she has a body weight of 55kg (about 120 pounds). What was ber dose of sodium chloride? (Show your work)
Pls helpppp and thank youuuu
While on a field trip, your teacher asks you to record the names of any species you see and to tally the number of individuals of each species you see. What has the teacher asked you to investigate? a. ecosystem diversity c. habitat diversity e. species diversity b. genetic diversity d. structural diversity
Answer:
Hi how are you doing today Jasmine
The teacher has asked you to investigate the species diversity. Thus, the correct option is E.
What is Species?Species may be defined as a cluster of organisms that can reproduce with one another in nature and produce fertile offspring.
Species diversity is the sum total of all species present in an ecosystem. It may also be described as the number and relative abundance of species present in a given biological organization.
Therefore, the teacher has asked you to investigate the species diversity. Thus, the correct option is E.
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The carbon cycle is a cycle among the carbon reservoirs.What is a carbon reservoir and what are some examples?
Answer:
Carbon reservoirs are underground oil or gas trap that form reees.clastic limestones etc.This is the most earths carbon stored in rocks and sediments.Ocean,Biosphere,Soil Carbon are some examples of carbon reservoirs.
Which of these organic molecules function to help speed up biological reactions?
Answer:
c
Explanation:
GIVING BRAINLIEST!!!!
Name the types of adaptation that animals and plants can have
Answer:
poison, thorns, sharp teeth
Explanation:
Which one of the following is a class of simple lipids? A) steroids B) triglycerides C) phoshpholipids D) waxes E) furans.
Triglycerides belong to the class of simple lipids. They are the most common type of dietary fat found in both animal and plant sources, option B is correct.
Triglycerides are composed of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone. They serve as a major energy storage form in the body, providing more than twice the energy per gram compared to carbohydrates and proteins. Triglycerides are essential for various physiological functions, including insulation and protection of organs, hormone production, and the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
While steroids, phospholipids, and waxes are also lipid molecules, they belong to different classes and have distinct structures and functions. Furans are not lipids; they are a class of organic compounds with different chemical structures and properties, option B is correct.
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you are studying a newly discovered prokaryotic microorganism and are attempting to determine whether it will be classified in the domain bacteria or in the domain archaea. All of the following would be helpful in making that distanction except ________
A. sequence of small subunit ribosomal RNA
B. type of membrane lipids
C. presence or absence of peptidoglycan in cell walls
D. presence or absence of double-stranded circular DNA genome
The correct option is D. presence or absence of double-stranded circular DNA genome prokaryotic microorganism and are attempting to determine whether it will be classified in the domain bacteria or in the domain archaea All of the following would be helpful in making that distanction except presence or absence of double-stranded circular DNA genome.
Prokaryotic organisms are a type of cellular life that lack a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are characterized by their simple cellular structure, with genetic material (DNA) floating freely in the cytoplasm rather than being enclosed within a nucleus. Prokaryotes include bacteria and archaea, which are the oldest and most abundant forms of life on Earth.
These microorganisms exhibit diverse shapes and sizes and can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and even within the human body. Prokaryotes play crucial roles in biogeochemical cycles, nutrient recycling, and symbiotic relationships. They possess the ability to adapt and thrive in extreme conditions and exhibit incredible metabolic diversity.
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A population of 250 birds inhabit the canopy of tropical rainforest that has a caring capacity of 400 birds. What is the maximum population growth if a population grows 283 in one year
Answer:
Explanation:
0.35
The maximum population growth if the population grows 283 in one year is : 13.2%
Maximum population growth is the percentage change in the size of the population of a habitat in a given year.
Caring capacity = 400 birds
Initial population at the start of the year = 250 birds
Number of birds added = 283 birds
population growth rate = ( 283 - 250 ) / 250 * 100
= 0.132 * 100 = 13.2 %
Hence the maximum population growth rate if the population grows 283 in one year is 13.2%
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What reflex kicks in if your epiglottis reflex malfunctions?
Answer:
The coughing reflex kicks in, only if the epiglottis reflex fails to. If the coughing reflex fails then the Heimlich maneuver may be needed.
How dose natural selection affect population by?
Answer:
individuals that develop beneficial traits have a better chance of survival, and are then able to pass on their genes. Eventually, if enough of those genes are passed on, that gene will become more prominent within the population.
Where do consumers directly get matter and energy to live and grow?
Explanation:
Consumers must consume, or eat, other organisms to get matter and energy to live and grow. Consumers have to eat other consumers or plants to get food. Humans are consumers. We consume many kinds of plants and other organisms.
What is potential energy?
Answer:
the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors.
Answer: electric possesed by the body or electric charge
POV : i actually learned this
Explanation:
I will give brainlies if you answer correctly and give an explanation!
Regular periods of overeating followed by self-induced vomiting are associated with which physiological disorder?
A. Anorexia
B. Bulimia
C. Obesity
D. Parkinson's
Answer:
B. Bulimia
Explanation:
See below for a description of each case:
Anorexia (also known as Anorexia nervosa) is an eating disorder characterized by abnormally low body weight. It's similar to the starving of oneself to achieve lower weight, but this is unhealthy. It's very common (more than 3 million cases per year in US) and is treatable. This can last for several months or years and is more common in females from ages 18–35.
Some symptoms include:
Extreme weight loss
Thin appearance
Fatigue and insomnia
Bluish discoloration of the fingers
Hair that thins, breaks or falls out
Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation)
Dry or yellowish skin
Dehydration
Bulimia (also known as Bulimia nervosa) is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating, followed by methods to avoid weight gain (ie. vomiting). It's very common (more than 3 million cases per year in US) and is treatable. It can last several years or be lifelong and are more common in females from ages 18–35.
Some symptoms include:
Binge eating
Forceful vomiting
Long-term fear of gaining weight
Overuse of laxatives or diuretics
Use of supplements or herbs for weight loss
Excessive exercises
Stained teeth (from stomach acid)
Obesity is a condition characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation. It's extremely common (more than 3 million cases per year in US) but is treatable. It can last several years or be lifelong. Family history may increase likelihood for some types.
Some symptoms include:
Above average body weight
Sleep apnea- a condition in which breathing is irregular and periodically stops during sleep
Skin problems caused by moisture that accumulates in the folds of your skin
Osteoarthritis in weight-bearing joints, especially the knees
Parkinson's disease is a chronic and progressive movement disorder, meaning it weakens the control of movements of the body over time. It's fairly common (more than 200,000 cases per year in US). There are treatments to manage the condition but there is no known cure. This can last several years or be lifelong. It's more common in 60+ years old males.
Some symptoms include:
Tremors, trembling of hands, arms, legs, jaw and face
Stiffness of the arms, legs and trunk
Slowness of movement
Poor balance and coordination
Speech difficulty