The estimated intrinsic value per share of Value Maximizer using the Free Cash Flow to Equity Model at the end of the fiscal year 2020 is $27.50. Therefore, the correct option is D.
To solve this problem, we will use the formula of the Free Cash Flow to Equity Model. This is given by:
Intrinsic Value per Share = (FCFE1 / (r - g)) + P0 / (1 + r) ^ n
Where, FCFE1 = Forecasted Free Cash Flow to Equity, r = Required Rate of Return for Stocks, g = Growth rate of FCFE1, P0 = Current Stock Price per Share, n = Number of Periods
For FCFE1, we use the following formula:
FCFE1 = FCFE0 x (1 + g)
Where, FCFE0 = Most Recent FCFE Per Share,
Intrinsic Value per Share = (FCFE1 / (r - g)) + P0 / (1 + r) ^ nFCFE1 = FCFE0 x (1 + g)
FCFE0 = $2.00,
FCFE1 = 2.00 x (1 + 0.10)
FCFE1 = $2.20r = 16%
g = 10%
P0 = $50.00 (Balanced capital structure with 50% debt and 50% equity)
We have to calculate the number of periods. Since this is the end of fiscal year 2020, we have only one period. Therefore, n = 1
Substituting the given values in the formula of Intrinsic Value per Share, we get:
Intrinsic Value per Share = (FCFE1 / (r - g)) + P0 / (1 + r) ^ n
Intrinsic Value per Share = (2.20 / (0.16 - 0.10)) + 50 / (1 + 0.16) ^ 1
Intrinsic Value per Share = $27.50
Therefore, the estimated intrinsic value per share is $27.50 (option D).
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The lifetime capital gains deduction is available when the taxpayer has a gain on the disposition of shares in a "qualified small business corporation". What are the conditions that must be met for an enterprise to be a qualified small business corporation?
You must meet several critical requirements to qualify for the Qualified Small Business Corporation exemption. You must have owned stock in a Qualified Small Business for at least five years.
Any stock obtained from a QSB after August 10, 1993 is considered qualified small business stock (QSBS). Capital gains from eligible small enterprises are free from federal taxes under Section 1202. To claim the tax benefits of qualifying stock, the following conditions must be met:
A corporation cannot be the investor.The investor must have purchased the stock at the time of its first public offering, not on the secondary market.The stock must have been purchased with cash or property, or accepted as payment for a service, by the investor.The stock must have been owned by the investor for at least five years.At least 80% of the assets of the issuing corporation must be employed to operate one or more of its eligible trades or enterprises.To know more about Qualified Small Business Corporation:
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Given the following demand and supply equations, how many units of the good would be sold at a price equal to $30?
Qd = 100 - 3P Qs = -35 + 2P
2-Which of the following might lead to an increase in the equilibrium price of strawberry jam and a decrease in the equilibrium quantity of the jam sold?
an increase in the price of peanut butter, considered by consumers as a complement to jam (they go together on toast and bagels)
an increase in the price of cream cheese, a substitute for strawberry jam on toast and bagels
an increase in consumer incomes if strawberry jam is considered a normal good
None of the choices given are correct
1. To find the quantity of the good sold at a price of $30, we need to set the demand (Qd) equal to the supply (Qs) and solve for Q:
Qd = Qs
100 - 3P = -35 + 2P
Add 35 and 3P to both sides:
135 = 5P
Divide by 5:
P = 27
Therefore, at a price of $30, the quantity of the good sold would be 27 units.
2. The correct choice that would lead to an increase in the equilibrium price of strawberry jam and a decrease in the equilibrium quantity of the jam sold is:
A price hike for cream cheese, which is used as a replacement for strawberry jam on toast and bagels.
When the price of a substitute for strawberry jam (such as cream cheese) increases, consumers are more likely to switch to buying strawberry jam instead, resulting in an increase in the demand for strawberry jam. TThis increasing demand raises the equilibrium price of strawberry jam while decreasing the equilibrium quantity sold.
An increase in the price of peanut butter (a complement to jam) would not directly affect the equilibrium price and quantity of strawberry jam.
An increase in consumer incomes, assuming strawberry jam is a normal good, would likely lead to an increase in the demand and equilibrium quantity of strawberry jam, not a decrease.
Therefore, the correct choice is an increase in the price of cream cheese.
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foundation, inc., is comparing two different capital structures: an all-equity plan (plan i) and a levered plan (plan ii). under plan i, the company would have 145,000 shares of stock outstanding. under plan ii, there would be 125,000 shares of stock outstanding and $716,000 in debt outstanding. the interest rate on the debt is 8 percent, and there are no taxes.a. if ebit is $300,000, which plan will result in the higher eps?b. if ebit is $600,000, which plan will result in the higher eps?c. what is the break-even ebit?
For an EBIT of $300,000, Plan I (all-equity) results in a higher EPS, while for an EBIT of $600,000, Plan II (levered) has a higher EPS. The break-even EBIT is $96,500, below which Plan I has a higher EPS and above which Plan II has a higher EPS.
a. If EBIT is $300,000, Plan I will result in higher EPS.
Plan I | Plan II
EBIT | $300,000
Debt | $0
Interest rate | 0%
Interest expense | $0
EBT | $300,000
Number of shares | 145,000
EPS | $2.06
Plan I | Plan II
EBIT | $300,000
Debt | $716,000
Interest rate | 8%
Interest expense | $57,280
EBT | $242,720
Number of shares | 125,000
EPS | $1.94
b. If EBIT is $600,000, Plan II will result in higher EPS.
Plan I | Plan II
EBIT | $600,000
Debt | $0
Interest rate | 0%
Interest expense | $0
EBT | $600,000
Number of shares | 145,000
EPS | $4.11
Plan I | Plan II
EBIT | $600,000
Debt | $0
Interest rate | 0%
Interest expense | $0
EBT | $600,000
Number of shares | 145,000
EPS | $4.11
c. The break-even EBIT is $96,500.
Plan I | Plan II
Debt | $716,000
Interest rate | 8%
Interest expense | $57,280
Break-even EBIT | $96,500
The break-even EBIT is the level of EBIT at which the EPS of the two plans is equal. At an EBIT of less than $96,500, Plan I will have a higher EPS. At an EBIT of greater than $96,500, Plan II will have a higher EPS.
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Determining Cost of Land On-Time Delivery Company acquired an adjacent lot to construct a new warehouse, paying $34,000 in cash and giving a short-term note for $340,000. Legal fees paid were $2,405,
The cost of the land to be reported on the balance sheet is $176,750.
To determine the cost of the land for reporting on the balance sheet, we need to consider all the expenses related to the land acquisition.
In this case, the company paid $90,000 in cash for the land and gave a short-term note worth $50,000. Additionally, $1,750 was paid as legal fees, delinquent taxes of $25,000 were assumed, and $9,000 was spent to remove an old building from the land. However, the company was able to sell materials salvaged from the demolition for $1,000, which can be deducted from the total cost. Lastly, a contractor was paid $415,000 for constructing the new warehouse.To calculate the cost of the land, we add the cash payment ($90,000), the value of the short-term note ($50,000), legal fees ($1,750), and the assumed delinquent taxes ($25,000). We then subtract the salvage value from the demolition ($1,000). This gives us a total cost of $166,750. However, we also need to include the fees paid to the contractor for constructing the warehouse ($415,000) as part of the land cost, as it is directly associated with the land improvement.Therefore, the final cost of the land to be reported on the balance sheet is $176,750.
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Complete Question:
Determining Cost of Land
On-Time Delivery Company acquired an adjacent lot to construct a new warehouse, paying $90,000 and giving a short-term note for $50,000. Legal fees paid were $1,750, delinquent taxes assumed were $25,000, and fees paid to remove an old building from the land were $9,000. Materials salvaged from the demolition of the building were sold for $1,000. A contractor was paid $415,000 to construct a new warehouse.
Determine the cost of the land to be reported on the balance sheet.
Print Item Using the following information: 1. The bank statement balance is $3,440. 2. The cash account balance is $3,701. 3. Outstanding checks amounted to $599. 4. Deposits in transit are $599. 5. The bank service charge is $152. 6. A check for $56 for supplies was recorded as $47 in the ledger. Prepare a bank reconciliation for Miller Co. for August 31. Miller Co. Bank Reconciliation August 31 Cash balance according to bank statement Adjusted balance Cash balance according to company's records Adjusted balance 3
To prepare a bank reconciliation for Miller Co. as of August 31, we need to compare the cash balance according to the bank statement with the cash balance according to the company's records and make adjustments for any differences.
Given information:
1. Bank statement balance: $3,440
2. Cash account balance: $3,701
3. Outstanding checks: $599
4. Deposits in transit: $599
5. Bank service charge: $152
6. Recording error: A check for supplies was recorded as $47 instead of $56.
First, we need to adjust the cash balance according to the bank statement:
Start with the bank statement balance: $3,440
Add deposits in transit: + $599
Subtract outstanding checks: - $599
Subtract bank service charge: - $152
Adjusted balance according to the bank statement:
$3,440 + $599 - $599 - $152 = $3,288
Next, we need to adjust the cash balance according to the company's records:
Start with the cash account balance: $3,701
Subtract recording error for the supplies check: - ($56 - $47) = - $9
Adjusted balance according to the company's records:
$3,701 - $9 = $3,692
Now, we can summarize the bank reconciliation for Miller Co. as of August 31:
Miller Co. Bank Reconciliation - August 31
Cash balance according to the bank statement: $3,440
Adjusted balance according to the bank statement: $3,288
Cash balance according to the company's records: $3,701
Adjusted balance according to the company's records: $3,692
The adjusted balances represent the reconciled amounts after accounting for outstanding checks, deposits in transit, bank service charge, and the recording error. By reconciling the bank statement with the company's records, Miller Co. can ensure that its cash balances are accurate and resolve any discrepancies.
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creating a promotional program for footwear that can go from bicycling to the office to all-day wear demonstrates the strategy of positioning by______?
Creating a promotional program for footwear that can go from bicycling to the office to all-day wear demonstrates the strategy of positioning by versatility and comfort.
Positioning is a marketing strategy used by businesses to differentiate their products or services from their competitors in the minds of their target audience. It is the process of positioning a product or service so that it appeals to a specific target market. The process involves identifying a unique selling proposition (USP) that sets the product or service apart from its competitors.A promotional program that promotes footwear which can go from bicycling to the office to all-day wear is positioning by versatility and comfort.
This type of footwear appeals to people who are looking for shoes that can serve multiple purposes and provide comfort throughout the day. By positioning their product as versatile and comfortable, the business is appealing to a wider audience that includes both cyclists and office workers.The key to successful positioning is to identify a specific need or want that the product or service fulfills. In this case, the need is for footwear that can be worn in different settings and provides comfort.
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Monster Tires is considering an expansion which involves opening a new location for its tires manufacturing. This new project is estimated to be the same level of risk as the firm's existing projects. For this new manufacturing project, the firm would need to raise money by selling $660,000 worth of new equity, $281,000 worth of new preferred stock shares, and borrow $364,000 by selling new corporate bonds. The annual costs of equity, preferred stock shares, and corporate debt equal 13%, 7%, and 3%, respectively. Monster Tires pays a 33% tax rate on its corporate income.
Calculate Monster Tires' average annual cost of running this new tire business, or the Weighted Average Cost of Capital.
WACC is calculated by considering weightings and costs of equity, preferred stock, and corporate bonds.
How is WACC calculated for financing sources?To calculate Monster Tires' Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for the new tire manufacturing project, we need to determine the weightings and costs of each source of financing (equity, preferred stock, and corporate bonds) and calculate their weighted average.
First, calculate the weightings:
- Equity weighting: $660,000 / ($660,000 + $281,000 + $364,000)
- Preferred stock weighting: $281,000 / ($660,000 + $281,000 + $364,000)
- Corporate bonds weighting: $364,000 / ($660,000 + $281,000 + $364,000)
Next, calculate the costs:
- Cost of equity: 13%
- Cost of preferred stock: 7%
- Cost of corporate bonds: 3%
Finally, calculate the WACC using the formula:
WACC = (Equity weighting * Cost of equity) + (Preferred stock weighting * Cost of preferred stock) + (Corporate bonds weighting * Cost of corporate bonds) * (1 - Tax rate)
Substituting the values into the formula and performing the calculations will give us the average annual cost of running the new tire business, or the WACC for Monster Tires.
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(Please answer Quickly)
Part (a) is divided into two parts (i) – (ii):
(i) Suppose you are the newly appointed Chief Risk Officer (CRO) of Sovereign Bank. The bank has £300 million of assets which have an average duration of four years and £270 million of liabilities which have an average duration of seven years. The current interest rate is 10 percent annually. Conduct a duration analysis for the Sovereign Bank and show what will happen to the equity of the Sovereign Bank if interest rates suddenly falls by 5 percentage points. Show all calculations.
(ii) Based on your answer for (i), does Sovereign Bank face failure? As CRO, list two actions you could take to reduce the Sovereign Bank’s interest-rate risk exposure.
The correct answer are- a) A 20% increase in equity would result in an increase of £6,000,000 in Sovereign Bank's equity and b) Sovereign Bank does not face failure.
(i) Duration analysis refers to an approach used to measure the interest rate risk exposure of a financial institution such as a bank. Duration analysis determines the percentage changes in the price of assets or liabilities that result from a 1% change in the interest rates.
Duration of Assets = ∑(Weighted Average of the Cash flows x Time to Cash flow) / Total Value of the Assets
Duration of Liabilities = ∑(Weighted Average of the Cash flows x Time to Cash flow) / Total Value of the Liabilities
Duration of Assets= (4* 300,000,000)/300,000,000 = 4
Duration of Liabilities= (7* 270,000,000)/270,000,000 = 7
The formula for the percentage change in the market value of a portfolio is: % Change in Market Value of a Portfolio = -(Duration of Portfolio) x (Change in Interest Rates) = -DP x ΔIP = -4 x -0.05 = 0.20 or 20%.
Therefore, a 5% decrease in interest rates will result in a 20% increase in the equity of Sovereign Bank. Equity can be calculated as follows: Equity = Assets − Liabilities
Equity = £300,000,000 − £270,000,000
Equity = £30,000,000
A 20% increase in equity would result in an increase of £6,000,000 in Sovereign Bank's equity.
(ii) Sovereign Bank does not face failure. A sudden drop in interest rates would result in a 20% increase in the equity of the bank. As the CRO, two actions to reduce the interest rate risk exposure of Sovereign Bank are: Interest rate swaps could be used to mitigate the risk associated with interest rates. Sovereign Bank can, for example, trade a fixed-rate loan for a floating-rate loan with another institution. The bank will also be capable of managing interest rate risk by purchasing interest rate futures. This will shield the bank from the effects of a possible increase in interest rates.
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Achieving Success in Virtual Teams (Chapter 9)
Students are expected to read Achieving Success in Virtual Teams which can be found in the Unit 3- Reading folder and use the following questions as a guide for the discussion that will ensue.
Describe the attributes that contribute to the success of virtual teams and those that contribute to the failure of virtual teams.
Discuss the extent to which the characteristics of well-functioning, effective groups overlap the attributes that contribute to the success of virtual teams.
Explain how cultural diversity can affect the effective functioning of virtual teams operating in a global economy.
Is Volvo’s approach to evaluating the effectiveness of its virtual teams one that could serve as a useful model for other organizations to follow in evaluating their own virtual teams? Justify your answer.
Virtual teams are a group of individuals working from different geographical locations, organizations, and time zones using telecommunication technology to communicate and accomplish a shared goal or task.
Attributes that contribute to the success of virtual teams include communication skills, technology skills, clear goals and objectives, diversity, mutual trust, and accountability. These attributes are fundamental to creating a functional and efficient virtual team.On the other hand, lack of coordination, unclear goals, and objectives, inadequate communication, cultural differences, and poor leadership can contribute to the failure of virtual teams.
Team members must possess effective communication skills that enable them to communicate ideas and thoughts clearly, without losing clarity. Virtual teams can be successful by fostering trust among team members through effective communication, respect, and collaboration. A successful virtual team requires a sense of commitment, responsibility, and accountability from each team member.
Effective groups share attributes with virtual teams in that they require clear goals and objectives, communication, accountability, mutual trust, and respect to function effectively. Culture plays a vital role in the functioning of virtual teams. Cultural diversity can lead to communication challenges, misunderstandings, and different work approaches that can affect the performance of virtual teams. Organizations can address cultural differences by providing training on diversity, cross-cultural communication, and different work cultures.
Volvo’s approach to evaluating the effectiveness of its virtual teams can serve as a useful model for other organizations. The company used key performance indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual teams based on cost savings, productivity, and efficiency. Volvo’s approach ensures that virtual teams remain focused on their goals and objectives while providing objective criteria for evaluating their effectiveness.
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Record the following transactions in the respective ledgers. Close all accounts at the end of March 2018. March 2 Started business with cash in hand RM3000 4 Bought goods on credit from the following persons: Wardee RM610, Hiba Rm214, Yaser RM174, Aziz Rm345 and Vally Rm542 5 Sold goods on credit to James RM340, Billy RM720 and Fendy RM1152 6 Paid rent by cash RM180. 9 James paid us his account by check RM340 10 Fendy paid us RM1,000 by check RM340 12 We paid the following by check, Yaser RM174, Wardee RM610 Paid carriage by cash RM38 Bought goods on credit from Hiba RM291, Aziz RM940 Sold goods on credit to Billy RM810 Paid rent by check RM230 15 18 21 31
Ledger accounts are used to classify and summarize data. The ledger is a more sophisticated form of the key transaction general journal, which contains all transactions in chronological order, but it provides only a brief description of each transaction.
The following transactions should be recorded in the respective ledgers:Ledger Account: Cash in hand 1) Started business with cash in hand RM3,000 2) Paid rent by cash RM180. Ledger Account: Wardee 1) Bought goods on credit from Wardee RM610 2).
We paid the following by check, Wardee RM610 Ledger Account: Hiba 1) Bought goods on credit from Hiba RM214 2) Bought goods on credit from Hiba RM291 Ledger Account: Yaser 1) Bought goods on credit from Yaser RM174 2) We paid the following by check, Yaser RM174 Ledger Account: Aziz 1) Bought goods on credit from Aziz Rm345 2).
Bought goods on credit from Aziz RM940 Ledger Account: Vally 1) Bought goods on credit from Vally Rm542 Sold goods on credit to Billy RM720 2) Sold goods on credit to Billy RM810 3) Fendy paid us RM1,000 by check RM340 Ledger Account: Fendy 1) Sold goods on credit to Fendy RM1,152 2) Fendy paid us RM1,000 by check RM340 Ledger Account: Rent 1) Paid rent by cash RM180 2) Paid rent by check RM230 Ledger.
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During the year ended December 31, 2018, Kelly's Camera Shop had sales revenue of $200,000, of which $100,000 was on credit. At the start of 2018, Accounts Receivable showed a $11,000 debit balance and the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts showed a $660 credit balance. Collections of accounts receivable during 2018 amounted to $74,000. Data during 2018 follow: a. On December 10, a customer balance of $1,800 from a prior year was determined to be uncollectible, so it was written off. b. On December 31, a decision was made to continue the accounting policy of basing estimated bad debt losses on 2 percent of credit sales for the year. Required: 1. Give the required journal entries for the two events in December. 2. Show how the amounts related to Accounts Receivable and Bad Debt Expense would be reported on the balance sheet and income statement for 2018. 3. On the basis of the data available, does the 2 percent rate appear to be reasonable?
The 2 percent rate appears the account receivable and reasonable as the actual bad debt expense aligns with the estimated rate.
1. Diary Sections for the two occasions in December:
a. December 10: Remittance for Dicey Records (charge) $1,800, money due (credit) $1,800
b. December 31: Awful Obligation Cost (charge) $2,000 [($100,000 x 2%) - $660] Recompense for Far fetched Records (credit) $2,000
2. Writing about the Asset report and Pay Proclamation for 2018, Asset report:
Money due: The total would be accounted for as $26,200 ($11,000 + $100,000 - $74,000 + $1,800).
Stipend for Dicey Records: The total would be accounted for as $1,460 ($660 + $1,800 - $2,000).
Pay Proclamation, Terrible Obligation Cost: The cost would be accounted for as $2,000.
3. Assessment of the 2% rate:
In light of the data gave, we can assess the sensibility of the 2% rate by contrasting the genuine Awful Obligation Cost ($2,000) to the credit deals ($100,000).
The determined pace of awful obligation cost to credit deals is 2% ($2,000/$100,000). Since the genuine cost lines up with the assessed rate, it recommends that the 2% rate is sensible.
Notwithstanding, it's essential to take note of that a thorough assessment would require examining verifiable information and patterns to decide whether the 2% rate reliably mirrors the organization's involvement in terrible obligation misfortunes.
Moreover, monetary circumstances and explicit conditions can likewise influence the precision of the assessment.
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Winrow Co purchased 50, 6% Johnston Company bonds for $50,000 cash. Interest is payable annually on January 1. The entry to record the January 1 annual interest payment would include a O debit to Interest Revenue for $3,000 Ocredit to Interest Receivable for $3,000 O credit to Interest Revenue for $3,000 O credit to Debt Investments for $3,000
The entry to record the January 1 annual interest payment would include a credit to Interest Revenue for $3,000. Option C is the correct answer.
When Winrow Co purchased the Johnston Company bonds, it invested $50,000 cash. The bonds have a 6% interest rate, which means Winrow Co would receive $3,000 in interest annually on January 1.
To record the interest payment, Winrow Co would credit (increase) the Interest Revenue account for $3,000. This represents the revenue earned from the interest payment.
The other options mentioned in the question are not correct. There is no debit to Interest Revenue or Interest Receivable because these accounts are not involved in the interest payment entry. Additionally, there is no credit to Debt Investments as it is unrelated to the interest payment. Hence, option C, credit to Interest Revenue for $3,000, is the correct answer.
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Inside trading, fraud, embezzlement, and money laundering may be morally justified based on: O "Illusion of superiority and cultural beliefs and attitudes O Helping their employer They believe their financial gain is insignificant in comparison to the millions of investors in the stock market. All of the above
Inside trading, fraud, embezzlement, and money laundering cannot be morally justified under any circumstances. It is unethical, illegal, and harms the entire financial system and innocent investors. All of the given options are invalid, so the correct answer is "None of the above."
Why is inside trading unethical?
Inside trading is the unethical practice of purchasing or selling securities on the basis of nonpublic or insider information about the company. Such information is not available to the general public, making it unfair and illegal to benefit from it.The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Insider Trading and Securities Fraud Enforcement Act of 1988 made insider trading illegal. Inside trading has a negative impact on the stock market, the public, and the economy as a whole. It creates an uneven playing field in which some investors are given preferential treatment over others. This promotes a culture of corruption and fraud in the financial industry.
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The Home country produces cars (a capital-intensive good) and shirts (a labour- intensive good). The Home country experiences a large wave of emigration (i.e. workers leave the country). The effect of emigration on production in the short and long run is: (3 Marks) (a) The production of shirts will decrease both in the short run and in the long run and the production of cars will increase both in the short run and in the long run (b) The production of shirts will decrease both in the short run and in the long run and the production of cars will decrease in the short run and increase in the long run (c) The production of cars and shirts will increase in the short run, the production of shirts will increase in the long run and the production of cars will decrease in the long run (d) None of these answers is correct
Emigration is the migration of people from one place to another with the intention of settling in a foreign country. The Home country produces cars (a capital-intensive good) and shirts (a labor-intensive good).
The effect of emigration on production in the short and long run is that the production of shirts will decrease both in the short run and in the long run and the production of cars will increase both in the short run and in the long run.Therefore, the correct answer is option .In the short run, wages will be higher as the number of employees is decreasing, which will result in a higher production cost.
The increase in production costs will make the production of labor-intensive products more expensive. Since the Home country produces labor-intensive goods, the production of shirts will decrease in the short run and in the long run.As the number of laborers decreases, the production of capital-intensive products, such as cars, would increase because it would require fewer workers and lower production costs.
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Do you think output-based measures of welfare are flawed? Why? Discuss two existing alternative measures that you would rather prefer.
Yes, output-based measures of welfare are flawed because they only consider the quantity of goods and services produced and consumed by a society, ignoring the quality and distribution of those goods and services.
Two alternative measures that could be used to supplement or replace output-based measures are the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI).The HDI is a composite measure that takes into account a country's life expectancy, education level, and income per capita. It attempts to provide a more complete picture of human welfare than GDP alone. The GPI, on the other hand, measures economic progress while also taking into account environmental and social factors.
It is a more comprehensive measure of societal welfare than GDP, which focuses solely on economic output.Both the HDI and GPI are alternative measures to output-based measures of welfare and provide a more accurate and complete picture of societal welfare. The HDI measures health, education, and income to provide a more comprehensive picture of welfare, while the GPI takes into account environmental and social factors that impact societal welfare.
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The production function is y = LaK¹/aK¹¹/a and (p = $10,w = $20, r = $15).
(i) Show whether the production exhibits DRS or CRS or IRS.
(ii) Obtain the Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution (MRTS).
(iii) Find (Lº, Kº) to minimize the cost in producing given output, y=100.
(i) The production exhibits DRS. (ii) MRTS = K/L (1 - 1/a). (iii) Lº = [1500/22Ya]¹/a and Kº = [(15/22)Ya²]¹¹/a.
(i) DRS stands for Decreasing Rate of Scale. The production function can be determined as DRS if the increase in all inputs by the same percentage results in a decrease in output by a greater percentage.
The production function y = LaK¹/aK¹¹/a and (p = $10, w = $20, r = $15) displays DRS.
(ii) MRTS: MRTS stands for Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution. MRTS is the rate at which one input can be replaced by another without affecting the production level. It can be calculated as -MRTS = (∆K/∆L).The production function is y = LaK¹/aK¹¹/a. Therefore, MRTS = - (∆K/∆L) = [aK¹¹/L]/[aK¹/aL] = K/L (1 - 1/a).
(iii) To minimize cost for producing y = 100, we use the equation - 100 = LaK¹/aK¹¹/a. This can be rewritten as L = [100K¹¹/a]/[aYa].
Using this, the cost function is C = 20L + 15K. Therefore, C = 20 [100K¹¹/a]/[aYa] + 15K = 2000K¹¹/aYa² + 15K. Taking the derivative of C with respect to K and equating it to zero to minimize the cost.
So,dC/dK = 22000K¹/11aYa² - 15 = 0. Then, K = [(15/22)Ya²]¹¹/a. Substituting this into L = [100K¹¹/a]/[aYa], we get L = [100(15/22)¹ aaYa¹²/a]/[aYa] = [1500/22Ya]¹/a.
Thus, the values (Lº, Kº) that minimizes the cost of producing y = 100 are Lº = [1500/22Ya]¹/a and Kº = [(15/22)Ya²]¹¹/a.
The correct answer is:(i) The production exhibits DRS.(ii) MRTS = K/L (1 - 1/a).(iii) Lº = [1500/22Ya]¹/a and Kº = [(15/22)Ya²]¹¹/a.
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Which of the following statements about internal-operational messages is true?
Multiple Choice
They include internal email messages but not instant messages.
They are messages developed by a business to communicate effectively with its clients.
They are casual exchanges between the employees of one organization with those of another organization.
The formality of such communication is casual instead of formal.
The formality of such communication ranges from casual to moderately formal to formal.
The formality of such communication ranges from casual to moderately formal to formal is true about internal-operational messages. Option E is the correct answer.
Internal-operational communications, such as an email sent from one employee to another, are messages that are only used within a company. The goal of internal communication is to identify and communicate the project's objectives while also creating action plans and efficiently allocating resources. It aids in the organization's selection, instruction, and evaluation of participants. It is a tool for company that directs and inspires workers to give their all to their work. Option E is the correct answer.
As a means of communication, internal communication employs memos, circulars, staff news letters, faxes, notices, minutes of meetings, video conferencing, discussions, conferences, agendas, manuals, etc. Formal communication is communication that goes through predetermined channels. Informal communication is all-encompassing and results from societal and individual need.
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The complete question is, "Which of the following statements about internal-operational messages is true?
A. They include internal email messages but not instant messages.
B. They are messages developed by a business to communicate effectively with its clients.
C. They are casual exchanges between the employees of one organization with those of another organization.
D. The formality of such communication is casual instead of formal.
E. The formality of such communication ranges from casual to moderately formal to formal."
Assume the following sales data for a company:
2026 $974000
2025 870000
2024 750000
If 2024 is the base year, what is the percentage increase in sales
from 2024 to 2025?
16%
30%
116%
130%"
If 2024 is the base year, what is the percentage increase in sales
from 2024 to 2025 is 16 %.
To calculate the percentage increase in sales from 2024 to 2025, we need to find the difference between the sales in those two years and then divide it by the sales in 2024. Finally, we multiply the result by 100 to express it as a percentage.
Sales increase from 2024 to 2025 = (Sales in 2025 - Sales in 2024) / Sales in 2024
Sales increase from 2024 to 2025 = ($870,000 - $750,000) / $750,000
Sales increase from 2024 to 2025 = $120,000 / $750,000
Sales increase from 2024 to 2025 = 0.16
To convert this to a percentage, we multiply by 100:
Percentage increase = 0.16 * 100
Percentage increase = 16%
Therefore, the percentage increase in sales from 2024 to 2025 is 16%.
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Your company has extra cash which it would like to use to invest into something new and profitable. There are two mutually exclusive projects under consideration. • Project #1 will require an initial investment of $820, and the present value of all of its future estimated profits is $920. • Project #2 will require an initial investment of $1,120, and the present value of all of its future estimated profits is $1.230. Based on this information, answer the following questions. DETALLES (a) For Project #1, the Profitability Index equals Round to TWO decimal places, for example, 1.23 Round to TWO decimal places, for example, 1.23 (b) For Project #2, the Profitability Index equals (type accept or reject) Project #1 and (c) Based on the Profitability Indexes, your company should (type accept or reject)
Since Project #1 has a higher profitability index (1.12) compared to Project #2 (1.10), it is the more attractive option for investment.
Based on the profitability indexes, should your company accept or reject Project #1 and Project #2?To calculate the profitability index for each project, we divide the present value of future estimated profits by the initial investment. Let's calculate the profitability indexes for both projects:
Profitability Index for Project #1:Profitability Index = Present value of future estimated profits / Initial investmentProfitability Index = $920 / $820Profitability Index ≈ 1.12 (rounded to two decimal places)Profitability Index for Project #2:
Profitability Index = Present value of future estimated profits / Initial investmentProfitability Index = $1,230 / $1,120Profitability Index ≈ 1.10 (rounded to two decimal places)Based on the Profitability Indexes, your company should accept Project #1 and reject Project #2. The higher the profitability index, the more favorable the investment.
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You are an HR consultant. Which of the following would likely be one of your suggestions for measuring the effectiveness and success of a company's recruitment plan?
Answer:
Access the results of variius recruitment strategies used.
Answer:the person who commented the answers is wrong its
Explanation:
1.d
2b
3c
4a
5b
6d
7c
8b
9a
10a
8. The water-diamond paradox can be explained by showing that: a) total utility for both water and diamonds decreases as their marginal utilities increase. b) water's total utility may be lower than diamonds', but its marginal utility is higher. c) water's total utility is less than its marginal, but diamonds' total utility is higher than their marginal. (d) water's total utility may be higher than diamonds', but its marginal utility is lower. e) water's total utility may be lower than diamonds', and its marginal utility is lower as well.
The water-diamond paradox is explained by showing that water's total utility may be higher than diamonds', but its marginal utility is lower. Thus, the answer is (d).
The water-diamond paradox is explained by the phenomenon that although water is more useful to our lives than diamonds, diamonds cost more than water. Water has a higher total utility than diamonds, but diamonds have a higher marginal utility than water. Therefore, the paradox is created because the total utility of a commodity doesn't determine its price. Instead, marginal utility determines it. Marginal utility can be defined as the extra satisfaction derived from consuming an extra unit of a commodity. Because diamonds are scarce, the marginal utility of a diamond is higher than the marginal utility of a unit of water, which is abundant. Because of their high marginal utility, diamonds are expensive, even though they have a lower total utility than water. Thus, the answer is (d).
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Island tours has been an exchange app reporting company since going public three years ago. Island tours recently sold an additional 5 million of common stocks through a regulation D private placement to several accredited investors. In the private placement Skipper, the CEO purchased 100,000 shares at $10 per share and Marianne and outside investor with no other affiliation with the island tours also purchase 100,000 shares. After holding the 100,000 shares he purchased is island tours private placement for 14 months. Skipper resells them to professor, an outside investor through an unsolicited brokerage transaction. Island tours is late and has not yet filed its latest form 10-K period is the sale valid under Rule 144?
Based on the information, No, the sale is not valid under Rule 144. Rule 144 allows for the resale of restricted securities under certain conditions, including that the securities have been held for at least one year.
How to explain the informationIn this case, Island Tours has not yet filed its latest Form 10-K, so the sale is not valid under Rule 144.
In addition, the sale is also not valid under Regulation D, which is the exemption under which Island Tours sold the securities in the private placement. Regulation D requires that the securities be sold to accredited investors, and that the issuer provide certain disclosures to the investors. In this case, the sale was made to an outside investor who is not an accredited investor, and the issuer did not provide any disclosures.
As a result, the sale is not valid under either Rule 144 or Regulation D. Skipper could be liable to the SEC for violating the securities laws.
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Your company's top management is considering to adopt the effective supply chain strategy. They need your advice on how it will affect the supply chain performance customers, suppliers, distributors and retailers. Question 2: Flow Management is important in achieving an effective supply. Discuss the "Flow Management" within the supply chain of the company you have chosen, then evaluate the importance of each flow to the supply chain to achieving supply chain effectiveness. Based on your evaluation, make suggestions to improve each flow.
Flow management in a supply chain refers to the efficient movement of goods, information, and funds between different entities involved in the chain, including customers, suppliers, distributors, and retailers.
Let's discuss the flow management within a chosen company's supply chain and evaluate the importance of each flow to achieving supply chain effectiveness.
The chosen company is XYZ Electronics, a global electronics manufacturer.
1. Product Flow:
The product flow involves the physical movement of goods from suppliers to customers. In XYZ Electronics' supply chain, this flow is crucial as it ensures timely delivery of products to customers. To improve this flow, the company can focus on optimizing transportation logistics, reducing lead times, and implementing advanced inventory management techniques such as Just-in-Time (JIT) to minimize stockouts and improve customer satisfaction.
2. Information Flow:
The information flow involves the exchange of data and communication between different entities in the supply chain. In XYZ Electronics' case, accurate and timely information sharing is vital for effective supply chain management. To enhance this flow, the company should invest in integrated information systems that enable real-time visibility of inventory, demand forecasting, and collaborative planning with suppliers and retailers. Implementing technologies like RFID and barcoding can also improve data accuracy and automate information exchange.
3. Financial Flow:
The financial flow encompasses the movement of funds and payment processes within the supply chain. Efficient financial flow management is critical for maintaining healthy cash flows and building strong relationships with suppliers and other partners. XYZ Electronics can improve this flow by implementing electronic payment systems, negotiating favorable payment terms, and establishing clear and transparent financial processes. Efficient financial flow management also involves effective credit management and risk mitigation strategies.
4. Reverse Flow (Product Returns and Recycling):
The reverse flow deals with product returns, repairs, and recycling. Proper management of reverse logistics is important for customer satisfaction, reducing costs, and ensuring environmental sustainability. XYZ Electronics should establish a well-defined product return policy, streamline the process of handling returns, and implement effective product refurbishment and recycling programs. By effectively managing reverse logistics, the company can reduce waste, recover value from returned products, and enhance its reputation for sustainability.
In conclusion, flow management plays a crucial role in achieving supply chain effectiveness for XYZ Electronics. Each flow - product, information, financial, and reverse - has its importance and requires attention to optimize the overall supply chain performance. By focusing on improving transportation logistics, enhancing information systems, streamlining financial processes, and implementing effective reverse logistics strategies, XYZ Electronics can achieve a more efficient and effective supply chain, leading to improved customer satisfaction, cost savings, and sustainability.
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1) How many buyers are there in a perfectly competitive market?
A) Few
B) Two
C) Many
D) One
2) A market in which there are many buyers and sellers, every firm sells the same standardized product, buyers and sellers have full information about the product and its price, and it is easy for firms to enter and exit the market is known as _____ market.
A) monopoly
B) oligopoly
C) duopoly
D) a perfectly competitive
3) Which of the following is NOT a reason that firms in a perfectly competitive market are price takers?
A) There are many firms that a buyer can choose from.
B) Each firm can sell more of its goods at a lower price than at the market price.
C) Each buyer has perfect information about all alternatives.
D) Each firm's good is a perfect substitute for another firm's good.
The correct answer is- a) many buyers, b) perfectly competitive market, and c) Each firm can sell more of its goods at a lower price than at the market price.
1) In a perfectly competitive market, there are many buyers. A perfectly competitive market is a type of market where there are numerous buyers and sellers of an identical product, and there are no restrictions on entry or exit. In such a market, no buyer or seller has the power to influence the price of the commodity, making it a market for price takers.
2) A market that has many buyers and sellers, with each firm selling the same standardized product, and with full information about the product and its price, as well as ease of entry and exit, is called a perfectly competitive market. This market structure is most commonly seen in agricultural industries where the products are homogeneous and the farmers sell their products to the market at the same price.
3) One reason that firms in a perfectly competitive market are price takers is that each firm's good is not a perfect substitute for another firm's good. In a perfectly competitive market, all firms sell the same product, so each firm's good is a perfect substitute for another firm's good. As a result, each firm must sell its product at the market price, and the firms cannot influence the market price because there are many firms that a buyer can choose from and each buyer has perfect information about all alternatives. The correct answer is B) Each firm can sell more of its goods at a lower price than at the market price.
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The production budget for Manner Company shows units to produce as follows: July, 580; August, 640; and September, 500. Each unit produced requires two hours of direct labor. The direct labor rate is
The total cost of direct labor for the Manner Company will be $68,800 if the direct labor rate is $20 per hour.
The production budget for Manner Company is a financial plan that expresses the number of units that the organization expects to produce in a certain period and the cost of the production process.
Direct labor is the total time spent by workers to convert raw materials into a finished product.The direct labor rate is the amount paid to the employees per hour of work done. To calculate the total cost of direct labor, the company needs to multiply the direct labor rate by the number of hours worked. The Manner Company has units to produce in July, August, and September, which are 580, 640, and 500, respectively. The total hours of direct labor for the three months are:
580 + 640 + 500 = 1,720 units
Each unit produced needs two hours of direct labor. Therefore, the total hours of direct labor required for the production of the units for the three months are:
1,720 x 2 = 3,440 hours
If the direct labor rate is, for instance, $20 per hour, then the total cost of direct labor is:
3,440 hours x $20 = $68,800
Therefore, the total cost of direct labor for the Manner Company will be $68,800 if the direct labor rate is $20 per hour.
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QUESTIONS • Identify and discuss the fundamental issues that this case highlights. • What actions would you take to address these issues? Consider both short-term actions and long-term learning an
Fundamental issues highlighted by this case include the presence of a monopoly market structure, potential market power abuse, and the lack of competition.
To address these issues, a combination of short-term and long-term actions can be taken. In the short term, regulatory measures can be implemented to prevent or mitigate market power abuse. This can involve setting price caps or implementing antitrust laws to ensure fair competition and protect consumer interests.
In the long term, promoting competition through market liberalization and encouraging the entry of new firms can be effective. This can be achieved by removing barriers to entry, providing incentives for innovation and entrepreneurship, and fostering a supportive business environment.
Additionally, promoting consumer awareness and education about market structures and their impact can empower consumers to make informed choices and demand fair competition. This can be done through public campaigns and educational initiatives.
Overall, addressing these issues requires a combination of regulatory measures, promoting competition, and empowering consumers to create a more balanced and competitive market environment.
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The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) may
A.
Establish accounting rules for all commercial enterprises in the US
B.
Sanction the auditing firms of publicly traded companies
C.
Dismiss a company's Board of Directors for failure to comply with its edicts
D.
Report privately-held companies to the IRS when it has detected fraud in the company
The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) may (B) Sanction the auditing firms of publicly traded companies.
The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) has the authority to sanction the auditing firms of publicly traded companies. The PCAOB was established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in response to accounting scandals such as Enron and WorldCom that shook public trust in the financial markets. Its primary role is to oversee and regulate the audits of public companies to ensure that they are conducted with integrity, independence, and in compliance with applicable standards.
The PCAOB has the power to inspect, investigate, and discipline registered public accounting firms that audit public companies. If the PCAOB finds violations of auditing standards or other misconduct during its inspections or investigations, it can impose sanctions on the auditing firms. These sanctions can include fines, censures, suspensions, or revocation of registration.
It is important to note that the PCAOB's authority is limited to publicly traded companies and their auditing firms. It does not have the power to establish accounting rules for all commercial enterprises in the US (Option A) or dismiss a company's Board of Directors (Option C). Additionally, the PCAOB does not report privately-held companies to the IRS (Option D) as its focus is on the oversight of auditors of publicly traded companies.
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On January 1, Navy Co. issued bonds with a face value of $1,000,000 and a coupon rate of 9%. The bonds mature in 3 years, and interest is paid every four months on April 30, August 31, and December 31. At what price will the bonds be sold assuming the market yield for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 12%?
a. $852,480
b. $925,650
c. $1,000,000
d. $1,077,864
At $753,048 the bonds be sold assuming the market yield for bonds of similar risk and maturity is 12%
The price of a bond can be calculated by discounting the future cash flows of the bond. To find the price of the bond, we first need to calculate the periodic interest payment and the number of periods.
Let us first find out the periodic interest payment. Coupon rate = 9%
Face value of bond = $1,000,000
Per annum coupon payment = 9% × $1,000,000 = $90,000
Coupon payment per four months = $90,000/3 = $30,000
Next, we can calculate the number of periods as follows:
Since interest is paid every four months, there are a total of 3 × 4 = 12 periods in 3 years. Now, we can find the price of the bond using the following formula:
where, P = price of bond
C = periodic coupon payment
i = market yield
n = number of periods
FV = face value of bond
P = $753,048
Therefore, The bond will be sold for $753,048.
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Question 3 [Soalan 3] (a) You are the senior accountant at Cannon Manufacturing and have been asked by the budget director to prepare the production budget for the upcoming quarter. The budget directo
As a senior accountant at Cannon Manufacturing, you have been requested by the budget director to prepare the production budget for the next quarter. A production budget is an estimation of the quantity of units a business plans to produce within a specified period. T
o prepare the production budget for Cannon Manufacturing, you should follow the following steps:i. Sales forecast: Begin with the sales forecast, which provides a prediction of the number of units that a firm intends to sell in the upcoming quarter.
ii. Desired ending inventory: Determine the desired ending inventory, which is the quantity of inventory a business wants to have at the conclusion of a period.
iii. Beginning inventory: Calculate the beginning inventory, which is the amount of inventory the business had at the beginning of the period. Beginning inventory added to desired ending inventory equals total inventory needed.
iv. Production required: Once you've calculated the total inventory needed, subtract the beginning inventory to determine the production required.
v. Add in production constraints: If there are any manufacturing constraints, such as machine downtime or a labor shortage, you should adjust the production budget to account for them.
vi. Create the budget: Once you've calculated the necessary units to meet the sales forecast, begin to create the budget by breaking it down into departments and groups.
In conclusion, preparing a production budget includes forecasting sales, determining the desired ending inventory, calculating the beginning inventory, determining the production required, accounting for manufacturing constraints, and producing the budget by breaking it down into departments and groups.
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The CEO of Skyco, a publicly traded company that has been earning below-average returns, has been publicly criticized by shareholders for persuading the board of directors to give her interest-free loans, for having the company purchase and furnish a lavish apartment in Paris for her personal use on her twice-yearly trips there, and for excessive stock options. The CEO's behavior may be an indication of:
Answer: a weak Board of Directors
Explanation:
Based on the information given in the question, we can attribute the behavior of the CEO to be an indication that the Board of Directors are weak.
Since the company has been earning below-average returns, the Board of Directors shouldn't be agreeing to the terms set by the CEO or her request. The CEO is doing whatever she's doing because she sees the Board of Directors as being weak and taking advantage of them.