Oporto to convert its profit earned in the US market into Australian dollars, it should use the rate in Melbourne, which is AUD 1 = USD 0.7700 – 0.7900. Oporto has USD 10,000, it can convert it to AUD using the rate in Melbourne, which is AUD 1 = USD 0.7700 – 0.7900. Therefore, the amount of AUD it can convert to is:$10,000 × 0.77 = AUD 7,700.The upside foreign exchange risk that Oporto may face is if the Australian dollar appreciates against the US dollar in three months, which would make it more expensive for Oporto to buy USD to pay its import bills
a) For Oporto to convert its profit earned in the US market into Australian dollars, it should use the rate in Melbourne, which is AUD 1 = USD 0.7700 – 0.7900. The reason is that the rate in Melbourne is closer to the current market exchange rate of USD 1 = AUD 1.38 (as of August 2021) than the rate in New York.
b) If Oporto has USD 10,000, it can convert it to AUD using the rate in Melbourne, which is AUD 1 = USD 0.7700 – 0.7900. Therefore, the amount of AUD it can convert to is:$10,000 × 0.77 = AUD 7,700 (using the lower end of the range)$10,000 × 0.79 = AUD 7,900 (using the higher end of the range)Therefore, Oporto can convert its USD 10,000 to AUD 7,700 to AUD 7,900, depending on the rate it accepts in the range given in part a).
c) The upside foreign exchange risk that Oporto may face is if the Australian dollar appreciates against the US dollar in three months, which would make it more expensive for Oporto to buy USD to pay its import bills. On the other hand, the downside foreign exchange risk that Oporto may face is if the Australian dollar depreciates against the US dollar in three months, which would make it cheaper for Oporto to buy USD to pay its import bills.
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Describe differential pricing using graphs, (B) Explain how a company that has limited capacity (production capacity /hotel rooms/ aircraft seats) can use pricing based on a) separate allocation of capacity to different segments, and b) dynamic pricing (pricing based on available capacity).
Differential pricing refers to a strategy that involves charging different prices for similar goods or services to various groups of customers. This strategy is common in businesses that have limited production capacity.
The goal is to maximize revenue and profitability by balancing supply and demand, allowing businesses to extract more value from customers willing to pay more and price discriminate against price-sensitive customers by offering lower prices. Here is how a company with limited capacity can use pricing to maximize profitability:
A) Separate allocation of capacity to different segments
The first way a company can use pricing to allocate capacity is by segmenting customers into different groups and allocating a certain capacity for each segment. The company can then charge different prices for each segment based on the value of the service to each group.
For example, an airline company can allocate a specific number of seats for different segments such as business, leisure, and economy class. Since business travelers are willing to pay more, the airline can charge higher prices for business class seats while offering lower prices for leisure and economy class seats.
B) Dynamic pricing (pricing based on available capacity)Another pricing strategy is dynamic pricing. It is a strategy that involves changing prices based on real-time market demand and supply. In other words, a company with limited capacity can adjust its prices based on the number of customers willing to buy its product or service at a particular time. The strategy is especially beneficial for industries that experience a surge in demand at specific times of the day, week, or year. For instance, hotels can adjust their prices based on the demand for rooms at different times of the day or year.To summarize, differential pricing, separate allocation of capacity to different segments, and dynamic pricing are all strategies that companies can use to maximize revenue and profitability in businesses with limited capacity. These strategies allow companies to charge different prices to different customer segments, balance supply and demand, and price discriminate against price-sensitive customers.
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Eva invested in two stocks. She put 57% into stock A, which has an expected return of 8.7%, and the rest into stock B, with an expected return of 17.4%. What is the expected return of her portfolio? (Note: Round your answer to 3 decimal places. For example, if your answer is 8.7%, you should write 0.087 in the answer box. DO NOT write 8.7 in the box as you will be marked wrong)
The expected return of the portfolio held by Eva, given the returns on the two stocks, can be found to be 12. 441 %.
How to find the expected return ?Eva invested 57 % of her portfolio in stock A and the remaining 43% in stock B .
Expected Return of Portfolio = ( Weight of Stock A x Expected Return of Stock A ) + ( Weight of Stock B x Expected Return of Stock B )
Weight of Stock A = 57% = 0. 57
Weight of Stock B = 43% = 0. 43
Expected Return of Stock A = 8 .7 %
Expected Return of Stock B = 17. 4 %
Expected Return of Portfolio = (0. 57 x 8.7 % ) + ( 0.43 x 17.4% )
Expected Return of Portfolio = 0. 04959 + 0. 07482
Expected Return of Portfolio = 0. 12441
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Tropetech Inc. has an expected net operating profit after taxes, EBIT(1 – T), of $2,400 million in the coming year. In addition, the firm is expected to have net capital expenditures of $360 million, and net operating working capital (NOWC) is expected to increase by $45 million. How much free cash flow (FCF) is Tropetech Inc. expected to generate over the next year?
A. $2,715 million
B. $43,481 million
C. $2,085 million
D. $1,995 million
Tropetech Inc. is expected to generate a free cash flow (FCF) of $1,995 million over the next year. The correct option is D.
A financial metric known as free cash flow measures the amount of cash that a company or project generates after deducting all operating costs, capital expenditures and adjustments to working capital. It gauges how much money a business has available for different uses like dividend payments, debt reduction, or reinvestment and other strategic initiatives.
FCF = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditures
here, the net operating profit after taxes = (EBIT(1 - T))
Free Cash Flow (FCF) = EBIT(1 - T) - Net Capital Expenditures - Change in Net Operating Working Capital
EBIT(1 - T) = $2,400 million
Net Capital Expenditures = $360 million
Change in Net Operating Working Capital = $45 million
FCF = $2,400 million - $360 million - $45 million
FCF = $1,995 million
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Please help it's urgent
If all the accounting entries and postings were done correctly, then the balance of the Debtors control account at the end of the month must equal to the total of the balances of the individual accoun
Debtors control account is one of the types of nominal ledger accounts that records all the transactions relating to customers, The total amount of debt owed to the business is recorded in this account.
The credit sales made to customers are recorded as a debit to the Debtors account and a credit to the sales account. The payment made by the debtor reduces the balance of the debtor account. The transaction is recorded by crediting the debtor account and debiting the bank account. If all the accounting entries and postings were done correctly, the balance of the Debtors control account at the end of the month must equal to the total of the balances of the individual accounts that relate to that account.
The Debtors control account is used to monitor the balance owed by a business's customers. If all the transactions relating to the customers were accurately recorded, the balance of the Debtors control account at the end of the month should be equal to the total balance of all the individual debtor accounts.The individual debtor accounts that are recorded in the ledger are updated each time a transaction with a customer occurs.
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you are a gen y employee, and you have noticed that your boomer colleague seems to resist your ideas. he gets particularly huffy after meetings where you've spoken up and the boss has praised your contribution. you're starting to think that he's jealous of you and are afraid that your colleague will put a road block in your career path. you want to get along with him, but you're not sure where to start. what is your best move?
To improve your relationship with a boomer colleague who seems resistant and potentially jealous, seek common ground, communicate openly, show respect and appreciation, offer assistance and support, and build a network beyond formal work settings.
When dealing with a situation where a boomer colleague seems resistant to your ideas and potentially jealous of your contributions, it's important to approach the situation with empathy, understanding, and a willingness to build a positive working relationship. Here are some steps you can take to improve your relationship with your boomer colleague:
Seek common ground: Look for shared interests or topics that you both can connect on. This could be related to work, hobbies, or personal experiences. Finding common ground can help create a foundation for a positive working relationship.
Communicate openly: Initiate conversations with your colleague to understand their perspective and concerns. Be a good listener and show genuine interest in their ideas and experiences. Open and respectful communication can help bridge the generation gap and build trust.
Show respect and appreciation: Acknowledge your colleague's experience and expertise. Recognize their contributions and publicly express gratitude for their work. Showing respect and appreciation can help alleviate feelings of jealousy and foster a more collaborative environment.
Offer assistance and support: Be proactive in offering assistance to your colleague when needed. Offer your skills, knowledge, or support on projects where you can contribute effectively. By demonstrating your willingness to work together and support their success, you can foster a more positive dynamic.
Build a network: Look for opportunities to engage with your boomer colleague outside of regular work meetings. This could include team-building activities, informal conversations, or lunch breaks. Building a network beyond formal work settings can help develop personal connections and improve working relationships.
Remember that building a positive working relationship takes time and effort. Stay patient, persistent, and authentic in your interactions with your colleague. By focusing on mutual understanding, respect, and collaboration, you can create a more harmonious work environment that benefits both of you.
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Your marginal tax rate (federal and state combined) is 31%. The yield to maturity on a corporate bond is 2.5%. What yield must be offered by an in-state municipal bond to make you indifferent?
The in-state municipal bond would need to offer a yield of approximately 1.725% to make you indifferent between investing in the corporate bond with a 2.5% yield after considering your marginal tax rate of 31%.
o make you indifferent between investing in a corporate bond with a yield to maturity of 2.5% and an in-state municipal bond, we need to find the yield offered by the municipal bond that is equivalent to a 2.5% yield after accounting for your marginal tax rate of 31%.
The formula to calculate the equivalent tax-adjusted yield is:
Tax-adjusted yield = Municipal bond yield / (1 - Marginal tax rate)
Tax-adjusted yield = Municipal bond yield / (1 - 0.31)
To solve for the municipal bond yield, we rearrange the formula:
Municipal bond yield = Tax-adjusted yield * (1 - Marginal tax rate)
Municipal bond yield = 2.5% * (1 - 0.31)
Municipal bond yield ≈ 2.5% * 0.69
Municipal bond yield ≈ 1.725%
Therefore, the in-state municipal bond would need to offer a yield of approximately 1.725% to make you indifferent between investing in the corporate bond with a 2.5% yield after considering your marginal tax rate of 31%.
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In which of the following cases does the size of the government's debt and the size of the budget deficit indicate potential problems for the economy?
a. The government's debt is relatively low, but the government is running a large budget deficit as it builds a high-speed rail system to connect the major cities of the nation.
b. The government's debt is relatively low, but the government is running a budget deficit to finance the interest payments on the debt.
c. The government's debt is relatively high due to a recently ended deficit-financed war, but the government is now running only a small budget deficit.
d. The government's debt is relatively high, and the government is running a budget deficit to finance new infrastructure spending.
The government's debt and budget deficit indicate potential problems for the economy in the following case: D) The government's debt is relatively high, and the government is running a budget deficit to finance new infrastructure spending.Explanation:Public debt refers to the total amount that a country owes to its lenders in order to cover government spending exceeding the revenues it generates.
Budget deficit is the difference between government spending and revenue.Both debt and budget deficit can harm the economy in various ways. The more a country's debt grows, the more it will need to pay back, putting it at risk of default, and the higher the country's debt-to-GDP ratio will be, making it more vulnerable to economic shocks. If a country runs a budget deficit, it is not generating enough revenue to fund its spending, implying it must raise taxes, cut spending, or borrow, which can cause inflation.
Thus, the correct option is D) The government's debt is relatively high, and the government is running a budget deficit to finance new infrastructure spending.
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Exercise 7-7 Percent of accounts receivable method LO P3 Mazie Supply Co. uses the percent of accounts receivable method. On December 31, it has outstanding accounts receivable of $54,000, and it estimates that 5% will be uncollectible. Prepare the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debts expense under the assumption that the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has: (a) a $918 credit balance before the adjustment. (b) a $270 debit balance before the adjustment. View transaction list Journal entry worksheet 1 2 Prepare the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debts expense under the assumption that the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $918 credit balance before the adjustment. Note: Enter debits before credits. Transaction (a) General Journal Debit Credit Journal entry worksheet < 1 N Prepare the year-end adjusting entry to record bad debts expense under the assumption that the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $270 debit balance before the adjustment. Note: Enter debits before credits. Transaction (b) General Journal Debit Credit
Mazie Supply Co. uses the percent of accounts receivable method, and it has outstanding accounts receivable of $54,000. It expects 5% of accounts receivable to be uncollectible. The year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be recorded if the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $918 credit balance before the adjustment.
The year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be recorded if the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $270 debit balance before the adjustment.
Mazie Supply Co. is using the percent of accounts receivable method, which calculates the amount of bad debts expense based on the company's total accounts receivable balance.
The company has $54,000 in accounts receivable outstanding, and it anticipates that 5% of this balance will be uncollectible.
This indicates that the firm expects $2,700 in bad debts expense for the year.
Under the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, the firm can keep track of its potential bad debts and maintain accurate financial records.
If the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $918
credit balance before the adjustment, the year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be:
Bad Debts Expense 1,782
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 1,782(To record year-end bad debts expense)
If the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $270 debit balance before the adjustment,
the year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be:
Bad Debts Expense 648
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 648(To record year-end bad debts expense)
Mazie Supply Co. uses the percent of accounts receivable method to calculate its bad debts expense. It estimates that 5% of accounts receivable will be uncollectible, resulting in a $2,700 bad debts expense for the year. The year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be recorded if the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $918 credit balance before the adjustment. Similarly, if the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a $270 debit balance before the adjustment, the year-end adjusting entry for bad debts expense would be recorded.
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Omar Inc. paid a $24,000 expense, only $18,000 of which was deductible. If Omar's marginal tax rate is 40%, compute the after-tax cost of the expense.
The after-tax cost of the expense for Omar Inc. is $10,800. To calculate the after-tax cost of the expenses, we need to determine the deductible portion and the non-deductible portion of the expense.
In this case, the total expense paid by Omar Inc. is $24,000, out of which only $18,000 is deductible.
The non-deductible portion of the expense is $24,000 - $18,000 = $6,000.
Next, we need to calculate the tax savings on the deductible portion. Since Omar's marginal tax rate is 40%, the tax savings on the deductible portion of $18,000 is 40% * $18,000 = $7,200.
Finally, to find the after-tax cost of the expense, we subtract the tax savings from the total expense. Therefore, the after-tax cost is $24,000 - $7,200 = $10,800.
Hence, the after-tax cost of the expense for Omar Inc. is $10,800.
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The right to free speech
includes symbols and gestures that a reasonable person would consider conduct conveying a message
Does not allow flag burning
protects defamatory speech
serves only to control society from harm
The right to free speech includes symbols and gestures that a reasonable person would consider conduct conveying a message. The statement “The right to free speech includes symbols and gestures that a reasonable person would consider conduct conveying a message” is true.
Speech is not just limited to verbal communication. Gestures, images, and symbols can also be considered speech. Defamation, flag-burning, and other forms of speech that could cause harm to others, violate the right to free speech and are therefore not protected by the First Amendment.
They can be punished under the law if they cause harm or danger to others. Hence, the statement “protects defamatory speech” is incorrect. The right to free speech does not serve only to control society from harm. Its main purpose is to protect individuals from governmental censorship. It is one of the most important rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
Hence, the statement “serves only to control society from harm” is incorrect.
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Adrienne is a single mother with a 6-year-old daughter who lived with her during the entire year. Adrienne paid $2,400 in child care expenses so that she would be able to work. Of this amount, $500 was paid to Adrienne’s mother whom Adrienne cannot claim as a dependent. Adrienne had net earnings of $2,800 from her jewelry business. In addition, she received child-support payments of $20,800 from her ex-husband.
Use the appropriate tax tables or tax rate schedules.
Adjusted gross income Applicable income
$15,000 or less 35%
15,001 – 17,000 34
17,001 – 19,000 33
19,001 – 21,000 32
21,001 – 23,000 31
23,001 – 25,000 30
25,001 – 27,000 29
27,001 – 29,000 28
29,001 – 31,000 27
31,001 – 33,000 26
33,001 – 35,000 25
35,001 – 37,000 24
37,001 – 39,000 23
39,000 – 41,000 22
41,001 – 43,000 21
43,001 or more 20
What amount, if any, of child and dependent care tax credit can Adrienne claim? (Round your final answers to 2 decimal places.)
Adrienne can claim a child and dependent care tax credit of $570.
How much child care tax credit?To determine the amount of the dependent and child care tax credit that Adrienne can claim, we need to calculate her allowable expenses and her adjusted gross income (AGI).
1. Allowable Expenses:
Adrienne paid a total of $2,400 in child care expenses, but $500 was paid to her mother, who cannot be claimed as a dependent. Therefore, the allowable expenses for the child and dependent care tax credit is $2,400 - $500 = $1,900.
2. Adjusted Gross Income (AGI):
Adrienne's AGI is calculated by adding her net earnings from her jewelry business and the child-support payments she received:
AGI = Net earnings + Child-support payments
AGI = $2,800 + $20,800
AGI = $23,600
Now, let's determine the applicable tax rate based on Adrienne's AGI.
Adrienne's AGI falls in the range of $23,001 to $25,000, which has a tax rate of 30%.
Next, we need to calculate the maximum allowable expenses based on Adrienne's AGI.
Maximum Allowable Expenses:
Maximum allowable expenses = AGI x 20%
Maximum allowable expenses = $23,600 x 20% = $4,720
Since Adrienne's allowable expenses ($1,900) are less than the maximum allowable expenses ($4,720), she can claim the full amount of her allowable expenses.
Finally, we can calculate the child and dependent care tax credit.
Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit:
Tax credit = Allowable expenses x Applicable tax rate
Tax credit = $1,900 x 30% = $570
Therefore, Adrienne can claim a child and dependent care tax credit of $570.
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You received no credit for this question in the previous attempt. Assume a firm's flotation costs are 7.8 percent of the funding need. Accordingly, when analyzing capital projects, the firm's managers should: Multiple Choice increase the initial project cost by dividing that cost by (1-.078). add 7.8 percent to the company's firm's WACC to determine the discount rate for the project. increase the initial project cost by multiplying that cost by 1.078. increase the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by multiplying the company's WACC by 1.078. increase the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by dividing the company's WACC by (1-.078).
Adding the flotation cost to the company's WACC to determine the discount rate for the project or increasing the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by multiplying the company's WACC by 1.078 are incorrect as they don't help to offset these expenses. Hence, the correct answer is "increase the initial project cost by dividing that cost by (1-.078)".
Flotation cost can be defined as the costs related to issuing new security, such as the cost of printing and engraving the security, fees paid to lawyers, accountants and investment bankers, and many other costs. The primary purpose of flotation cost is to analyze the cost of new capital and how much a company can raise by issuing new security. It is calculated as a percentage of the issue price.According to the given statement, assume that a firm's flotation cost is 7.8 percent of the funding need. Hence, the correct answer is "increase the initial project cost by dividing that cost by (1-.078)".The reason for this is that the flotation cost is a charge against the company's earnings and is considered a business expense. As a result, to offset these expenses, the firm's managers should raise the project's initial cost by dividing that cost by (1-.078). This will assist the company in calculating the net proceeds from a security offering and estimating the actual cost of issuing new security.In addition, adding the flotation cost to the company's WACC to determine the discount rate for the project or increasing the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by multiplying the company's WACC by 1.078 are incorrect as they don't help to offset these expenses.For more such questions on discount rate, click on:
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The demand for four preceding months 1 through 4 are: 80, 85, 83, 90 respectively. What is the moving average forecast for month 5 using a simple three-month moving average?
a. 82.5
b. 86.0
c. 82.7
d. Cannot be determined from the above data.
e. None of the above.
The moving average forecast for month 5 using a simple three-month moving average is (b)86.0.
A simple three-month moving average is calculated by taking the average of the demand for the three preceding months. In this case, the demand for months 2, 3, and 4 is 85, 83, and 90, respectively. The moving average forecast for month 5 is then (85 + 83 + 90) / 3 = 86.0. Therefore, option b, 86.0, is the correct answer.
To calculate the moving average, we sum up the demand for the three preceding months (85 + 83 + 90 = 258) and then divide it by the number of months (3) to obtain the average (258 / 3 = 86.0). This provides an estimate of the demand for month 5 based on the average demand of the preceding three months. Hence, the moving average forecast for month 5 is 86.0.
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Private saving is given by S=Y-T-C while public saving is given by T-G. In equilibrium, output is equal to demand; Y= Z. If the marginal propensity to save is 0.2, then show, algebraically, that the equilibrium level of output is given by Y = S[c₂ +1+G-0.87].
To show that the equilibrium level of output is given by Y = S[c₂ + 1 + G - 0.87], we can start with the given equations:
Private saving: S = Y - T - C
Public saving: Sₚ = T - G
In equilibrium, the output is equal to demand, so Y = Z. We can substitute the expressions for saving into the equation:
Y = S + Sₚ + C + G
Substituting the expressions for private saving and public saving:
Y = (Y - T - C) + (T - G) + C + G
Simplifying the equation:
Y = Y - T - C + T - G + C + G
The T and -T terms cancel out, and the C and -C terms also cancel out:
Y = Y - G + G
Simplifying further:
Y = Y
This equation shows that the equilibrium level of output Y is equal to itself, which is true by definition. However, this does not match the given equation Y = S[c₂ + 1 + G - 0.87]. Therefore, there appears to be an error or misunderstanding in the provided equation.
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In a situation of Non-Price Rationing in the presence of a price
ceiling, consider the following questions.
Suppose the poor person acquired all of the good:
Could a black market arise for the good?
Non-price rationing refers to a situation where goods and services are distributed in a manner that does not involve pricing. This could include rationing by government officials or through a lottery system. it is highly likely that a black market could arise for the good.
On the other hand, a black market is an illegal market in which goods or services are traded outside of government regulations.Price ceiling is a government-imposed restriction on the maximum price that can be charged for goods or services. These measures are often used to protect consumers from exploitation by producers. In a situation of non-price rationing in the presence of a price ceiling, a black market could arise for the good.
Suppose the poor person acquired all of the good:If a poor person acquires all of the good in a situation of non-price rationing in the presence of a price ceiling, it is highly likely that a black market could arise for the good.
This is because the demand for the good will still be high, and people will be willing to pay a premium to obtain the good. This could lead to the emergence of a black market where the good is sold at a price that is higher than the price ceiling.
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If the price of mutton increases from $15/kg to $18/kg, the demand for beef rises from 100 kg to 150kg while the quantity demanded of mutton reduces from 50kg to 30kg.
Calculate the cross-elasticity for mutton & beef
Calculate the price elasticity of mutton.
Answer : The cross elasticity of demand between mutton and beef is 0.83.
The price elasticity of demand for mutton is -2.0.
Explanation :
Cross elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of demand for one good when there is a change in the price of another good.
Price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price.
Here, we have to find the cross-elasticity for mutton & beef and the price elasticity of mutton.
Cross elasticity of demand between mutton and beef Ecm,
b = ((Q2b - Q1b)/Q1b)/((P2m - P1m)/P1m)= ((150 - 100)/100)/((18 - 15)/15)= 0.8333 or 0.83 (approx)
Therefore, the cross elasticity of demand between mutton and beef is 0.83.
Price elasticity of demand for muttonEm = ((Q2 - Q1)/Q1)/((P2 - P1)/P1)= ((30 - 50)/50)/((18 - 15)/15)= -2.0
Therefore, the price elasticity of demand for mutton is -2.0.
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You have been the finance director of a Gulf International Pipe Industry, for ten years. Its yearend is 31st December 2021, and you are finalizing the year end accounts. You have recently been advised by the warehouse manager of a significant level of slow-moving stock. The stock in question is now more than nine months old and would normally have been written down some months previously. The shareholders of Gulf International Pipe Industry are trying to sell the company, and the managing director (the majority shareholder) has told you that it is not necessary to write down the stock in the year end accounts. You are sure that the managing director wants the financial statements to carry an inflated stock valuation because he has found a prospective buyer. The managing director has indicated to you that, if the proposed deal is successful, all employees will keep their jobs and you will receive a pay increase. a) Identify the professional code of ethics related this case and explain how is it related? b) Specify the threat associated with this case. Justify it. c) How do you manage the situation?
The professional code of ethics related to this case is the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants.
Specifically, the sections relevant to this case are the fundamental principles of integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, and professional behavior. These principles guide accountants in performing their duties with integrity, independence, and in the best interests of their clients or employers. In this case, the managing director's request to inflate the stock valuation violates the principle of integrity, which requires accountants to be straightforward and honest in all professional and business relationships.
The threat associated with this case is a self-interest threat. The managing director's request to inflate the stock valuation is driven by self-interest, as it aims to present a more favorable financial position to the prospective buyer and increase the likelihood of a successful deal. This threat arises when the personal or financial interests of an individual, such as the managing director, create a conflict with their professional duties and responsibilities. In this situation, the managing director's self-interest threatens the integrity and objectivity of the financial statements.To manage this situation, as the finance director, it is crucial to adhere to ethical principles and act in the best interests of the company and its stakeholders. First, gather all relevant information and evidence regarding the slow-moving stock and the managing director's request. This will help in presenting a factual and objective case for the appropriate treatment of the stock in the year-end accounts.
Next, engage in a professional dialogue with the managing director, emphasizing the importance of accurate financial reporting and the potential legal and ethical consequences of misrepresenting the stock valuation. Highlight the principles of integrity, objectivity, and professional competence to reinforce the need for fair presentation.
If the managing director persists in his request, it is advisable to seek guidance from the company's board of directors or an external authority, such as an accounting regulatory body or an ethics hotline. Whistleblower protection laws may safeguard you against any retaliation.
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Suppose that the same tax is imposed across two competitive markets - A and B. You know that across the two markets supply and demand are linear, and that in market A tax revenue is larger than in market B. Compare the dead weight loss across the two markets.
If the same tax is imposed across two competitive markets A and B where across the two markets supply and demand are linear and in market A tax revenue is larger than in market B, the deadweight loss is higher in market A compared to market B.
A deadweight loss is the amount of welfare loss that results when the level of output is not at its Pareto efficient point. Deadweight loss occurs when taxes or subsidies change the quantity traded in a market from the most efficient outcome.
Therefore, when the same tax is imposed across two competitive markets, the deadweight loss will be higher in the market where tax revenue is larger, which is market A in this scenario since in market A tax revenue is larger than in market B. As a result, it is important to take into account the size of the tax revenue when comparing the deadweight loss across the two markets.
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using the where clause, filter the invoice table to find the invoices dated prior to january 19th, 2009. identify the invoice date closest to that invoice.
To find the invoices dated prior to January 19th, 2009, the WHERE clause can be used. The closest invoice date to that invoice can then be identified.
To filter the invoice table for invoices dated prior to January 19th, 2009, we can use the WHERE clause in a SQL query. The WHERE clause allows us to specify a condition for filtering rows. In this case, we would use the condition "invoice_date < '2009-01-19'". This condition will retrieve all rows where the invoice_date is earlier than January 19th, 2009. Once we have the filtered results, we can then determine the invoice date closest to the specified date by comparing the invoice dates in the result set.
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To filter the invoice table and find the invoices dated prior to January 19th, 2009, use the WHERE clause. To identify the invoice date closest to that invoice, use the MIN() and ABS() functions.
Explanation:To filter the invoice table and find the invoices dated prior to January 19th, 2009 using the WHERE clause in SQL, you can use the following query:
SELECT * FROM invoice WHERE invoice_date < '2009-01-19';To identify the invoice date closest to that invoice, you can use the MIN() function with the ABS() function to calculate the absolute difference between the invoice dates and select the minimum value. Here's an example:
SELECT MIN(ABS(DATEDIFF('2009-01-19', invoice_date))), invoice_date FROM invoice WHERE invoice_date < '2009-01-19';This will return the invoice date closest to January 19th, 2009.
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46. (2 point)
₵50 cash taken from the cash till and banked is entered
A. Debit cash column ₵50: Credit bank column ₵50
B. Debit bank column ₵50: Credit cash column ₵50
C. Debit cash column ₵50: Credit cash column ₵50
D. Debit bank column ₵50: Credit bank column ₵50.
E. None of the above
When ₵50 cash is taken from the cash till and banked is entered Debit bank column ₵50: Credit cash column ₵50. Option B is correct
When cash is taken from the cash till and banked, the cash account is decreased (credited) and the bank account is increased (debited). an account in a company’s general ledger that records the amount of cash the company has on hand and in the bank is known as a cash account.
A complete record of all the financial transactions of a company is known as a general ledger. It contains all the accounts used by the company to record its financial transactions and It is the central repository of accounting information. to record changes in the balances of its accounts a debit and a credit are entries made in a company’s general ledger. A debit entry is made on the left side of an account and a credit entry is made on the right side of an account.
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Pharma Drug Store is a pharmacy in Portland, Maine, owned by Jane Smith, a local pharmacist. Pharma business has been good, but Ms. Smith finds that she frequently runs out of cash. To date, she has dealt with this cash shortfall by delaying payment to the drug suppliers, which is starting to cause problems. Instead of delaying payment, Ms. Smith has decided that she should borrow from the bank to have cash ready when needed. To have an estimate of how much she must borrow over the next three months, she must prepare a cash budget. All of Pharma's sales are made on a cash basis, but drug purchases must be paid for during the following month. Ms. Smith pays herself a salary of $4,800 per month, the rent on her store is $2,000 per month, and a $12,000 payment for taxes is due in December. On December 1, there is $400 cash on hand, but Ms. Smith wants to maintain a target cash balance of $6.000. Pharma's estimated sales are $160,000 for December, $40,000 for January, and $60.000 for February. Estimated drug purchases are $140,000 for November. $40,000 for December, $40,000 for January, and $40,000 for February.
Prepare a cash budget for December, January, and February and find the cumulative surplus cash loan balance at the end of February.
The cash budget for the months of December, January, and February are shown in the table below:Month December January February Opening cash balance4006,4002,000Add collections from customers160,00040,00060,000Total cash available160,40046,40062,000Less payments for drug purchases140,00040,00040,000Total disbursements140,00040,00040,000Closing cash balance20,4006,40022,000
The cumulative surplus cash loan balance at the end of February is $13,600. To prepare the cash budget, the following points are considered: Starting cash balance Target cash balance Collections from customers Payments for drug purchases Opening cash balance The opening cash balance on December 1 is $400.Target cash balance Ms. Smith wants to maintain a minimum balance of $6,000 in her bank account. Collections from customers All sales are on a cash basis, therefore, the entire amount of sales is collected in cash.
The estimated sales for December, January, and February are $160,000, $40,000, and $60,000, respectively. Payments for drug purchases Drug purchases must be paid for during the following month. The estimated purchases for November, December, January, and February are $140,000, $40,000, $40,000, and $40,000, respectively. To prepare the cash budget, all of these factors are used. The cash budget for the months of December, January, and February are shown in the table below: Month December January February Opening cash balance4006,4002,000Add collections from customers160,00040,00060,000Total cash available160,40046,40062,000Less payments for drug purchases140,00040,00040,000Total disbursements140,00040,00040,000Closing cash balance20,4006,40022,000At the end of December, the surplus cash is $20,400 - $6,000 = $14,400At the end of January, the surplus cash is $6,400 - $6,000 = $400At the end of February, the surplus cash is $22,000 - $6,000 = $16,000Therefore, the cumulative surplus cash at the end of February is $14,400 + $400 + $16,000 = $30,800.The cash balance for all three months indicates a positive balance. Therefore, Ms. Smith does not need to borrow any money from the bank. In fact, there is a cumulative surplus of $30,800 at the end of February.
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List and explain four (4) non-financial and recognition-based awards that may be used by
organization. Give example of a mobile app or technological application that can support
one of the four.
Non-financial awards and recognition-based awards that organizations can use include Employee of the Month/Quarter/Year, Innovation Award, Team Collaboration Award, and Customer Service Excellence Award, supported by mobile apps like "Employee Recognition," "IdeaBox," "Slack," and "Zendesk," respectively.
1. Employee of the Month/Quarter/Year:
This non-financial award recognizes outstanding performance and contributions by an individual employee. It boosts morale, motivates employees, and promotes a healthy competitive spirit within the organization. Example: An organization can use a mobile app like "Employee Recognition" to track and reward top performers, allowing employees to nominate their peers and managers to easily select and acknowledge the winners.2. Innovation Award:
This award recognizes employees who come up with creative and innovative ideas that positively impact the organization. It encourages a culture of innovation, fosters problem-solving, and drives continuous improvement. Example: A mobile app like "IdeaBox" can be used to submit, evaluate, and track innovative ideas, providing a platform for employees to share and collaborate on new concepts.3. Team Collaboration Award:
This award acknowledges effective teamwork, collaboration, and cooperation among employees. It emphasizes the value of collective efforts, encourages collaboration across departments, and strengthens team dynamics. Example: A collaboration tool like "Slack" can support this award by enabling seamless communication, file sharing, and project management among team members, promoting collaboration and teamwork.4. Customer Service Excellence Award:
This award recognizes employees who consistently provide exceptional customer service, ensuring customer satisfaction and loyalty. It highlights the importance of delivering quality service, building strong customer relationships, and upholding the organization's reputation. Example: A mobile app like "Zendesk" can be used to track customer interactions, collect feedback, and measure customer satisfaction, enabling organizations to identify and reward employees who excel in customer service.In conclusion, organizations can implement non-financial and recognition-based awards to acknowledge employee achievements and foster a positive work environment. Examples of such awards include Employee of the Month/Quarter/Year, Innovation Award, Team Collaboration Award, and Customer Service Excellence Award.
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Q: A company sells 400 units for $4 per unit. When the company increases its prices to $5, it’s demand drops to 200 units. What is the price elasticity of demand?
a. Negative 5
b. Negative 2
c. Negative 0.5
d. Positive 2
The price elasticity of demand is c. Negative 0.5.
The price elasticity of demand can be calculated by the formula:P.E.D = (Change in quantity demanded / change in price) × (Original price / original quantity demanded)The original price is $4 and the original quantity demanded is 400 units.
When the company increased the price to $5, the demand dropped to 200 units.Change in price = $5 - $4 = $1Change in quantity demanded = 200 - 400 = -200 (negative because demand decreased)Original price = $4Original quantity demanded = 400Putting the values into the formula:P.E.D = (-200 / 1) × (4 / 400)P.E.D = -0.5
Therefore, the price elasticity of demand is c. Negative 0.5.
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A company manufactures a single product. Unit costs are: $ / unit Variable production 14.75 Fixed production 8.10 Variable selling 2.40 Fixed selling 5.35 400,000 units of the product were manufactured in a period, during which 394,000 units were sold. There was no inventory of the product at the beginning of the period. Using marginal costing, what is the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period? I $88,500 $102,900 $137,100 $183,600
The total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period using marginal costing is $88,500.
Given, Unit costs are: $ / unit Variable production 14.75
Fixed production 8.10Variable selling 2.40
Fixed selling 5.35
We have to calculate the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period using marginal costing. We can find it by following the steps:Calculate the variable cost per unit.
Variable cost per unit = Variable production + Variable selling = $14.75 + $2.40 = $17.15 per unit
Calculate the total variable cost of manufacturing the product.
Total variable cost = Variable cost per unit × Number of units manufactured= $17.15 per unit × 400,000 units= $6,860,000
Calculate the contribution margin per unit. Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit – Variable cost per unit = $28.50 – $17.15 = $11.35
Calculate the total contribution margin of all units sold.
Total contribution margin = Contribution margin per unit × Number of units sold= $11.35 per unit × 394,000 units= $4,471,900
Calculate the total fixed cost. Total fixed cost = Fixed production cost + Fixed selling cost= $8.10 + $5.35 = $13.45 per unit
Calculate the net profit of all units sold. Net profit = Total contribution margin – Total fixed cost= $4,471,900 - $13.45 × 394,000 units= $4,471,900 - $5,301,800= -$829,900
The negative profit indicates that all fixed costs could not be covered by the contribution margin.
However, the inventory will still cover the variable manufacturing costs of all products that could not be sold, hence the value of finished goods inventory at the end of the period is equal to the total variable cost of manufacturing the products that remain unsold.
So, the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period is:
Total value of the finished goods inventory = (Total units manufactured – Total units sold) × Variable cost per unit= (400,000 – 394,000) × $14.75= 6,000 × $14.75= $88,500
Thus, the total value of the finished goods inventory at the end of the period using marginal costing is $88,500.
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Consider a duopoly in which each firm has a best response function given by: qi = 400 - (1/2)qo , where qi is the output of firm i and qo is the output of the other firm. Suppose the firms form a cartel, whereby each firm agrees to produce one half the monopoly output. In this case, given the other firm colludes, each firm has an incentive to cheat and produce which of the following output levels?
Select one:
a. 300
b. 200
c. 250
d. none of the other choices
The correct option is C. The output levels that each firm has an incentive to cheat and produce is 250.
Consider a duopoly in which each firm has a best response function given by: qi = 400 - (1/2)qo,
where qi is the output of firm i and qo is the output of the other firm.
Suppose the firms form a cartel, whereby each firm agrees to produce one half the monopoly output.
In this case, given the other firm colludes, each firm has an incentive to cheat and produce the output level that is greater than the equilibrium of the collusive outcome, which is 200.
Thus, the output levels that each firm has an incentive to cheat and produce is 250.
Therefore, the answer is c. 250.
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Until last year, French-based Option the world's fifth-biggest retail and service group by sales, owned and operated U.S. Foodservice, a catering company. With 27,000 employees and 70 distribution centers throughout the United States, U.S. Foodservice delivers food to retailers as large as McDonald's Corporation and as small as neighborhood delis. One of the major problems between the two companies and one of the reasons why Option finally sold U.S. Foodservice was __________________which prevented the two companies from communicating with each other in an effective manner.
cross-cultural communication the absence of a formal grapevine kinetic communication 4 jargon affective communication benchmarking
Cross-cultural communication issues hindered effective communication between Option and U.S. Foodservice, leading to the eventual sale of the latter.
One of the major problems between the two companies and one of the reasons why Option finally sold U.S. Foodservice was cross-cultural communication which prevented the two companies from communicating with each other in an effective manner.
Cross-cultural communication is the major problem between the two companies and one of the reasons why Option finally sold U.S. Foodservice which prevented the two companies from communicating with each other in an effective manner.
U.S. Foodservice was owned and operated by French-based Option which is the world's fifth-biggest retail and service group by sales. U.S. Foodservice has 27,000 employees and 70 distribution centers throughout the United States and delivers food to retailers as large as McDonald's Corporation and as small as neighborhood delis.
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During February, Alexander Inc. worked on two jobs with the following data: Job 12 Job 13 Units in each order 100 200 Units Sold 100 -- Raw materials requisitioned (Feb 3) $2,480 $1,970 Direct labor hours 820 hrs 1,166 hrs. Direct labor cost (ending Feb 28) $12,300 $17,490 Overhead is assigned on the basis of direct labor hours at a rate of $12. During February, Job 12 was completed and transferred to finished goods. Job 13 is the only unfinished job at the end of the month. 1. Prepare the journal entry for using the requisitioned raw materials. (3 pts) Date Account Debit Credit 2. Prepare the journal entry for all direct labor costs for the month. Assume workers have not yet been paid. (3 pts) Date Account Debit Credit 3. Prepare the journal entry to show Job 12 being completed and transferred to finished goods (3 points) Date Account Debit Credit
1. The journal entry for using the requisitioned raw materials will be as follows:Date Account Debit Credit Feb. 3 Raw Materials Inventory$2,480 Job 12 Work in Process$1,970 Job 13 Work in Process$510 The raw materials are requisitioned and transferred to both Job 12 and Job 13.
2.The journal entry for all direct labor costs for the month assuming workers have not yet been paid will be as follows:Date Account Debit Credit Feb. 28 Work in Process – Job 12$12,300 Work in Process – Job 13$17,490 Wages Payable$29,790 Direct labor costs are tracked separately for Job 12 and Job 13.
The wages payable account is also updated to record the total direct labor cost for the month.3. The journal entry to show Job 12 being completed and transferred to finished goods will be as follows:
Date Account Debit Credit Feb. 28 Finished Goods Inventory – Job 12$33,280 Work in Process – Job 12$33,280 When Job 12 is completed, the cost of the job is transferred from Work in Process to Finished Goods Inventory.
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The Sweetwater Candy Company would like to buy a new machine that would automatically "dip" chocolates. The dipping operation currently is done largely by hand. The machine the company is considering costs $200,000. The manufacturer estimates that the machine would be usable for five years but would require the replacement of several key parts at the end of the third year. These parts would cost $10,100, including installation. After five years, the machine could be sold for $9,000. The company estimates that the cost to operate the machine will be $8,100 per year. The present method of dipping chocolates costs $41,000 per year. In addition to reducing costs, the new machine will increase production by 8,000 boxes of chocolates per year. The company realizes a contribution margin of $1.40 per box. A 20% rate of return is required on all investments.
What are the annual net cash inflows that will be provided by the new dipping machine?
Cost of the new machine = $200,000 Cost of replacing parts in the third year = $10,100Selling price of the machine after 5 years = $9,000Cost to operate the machine per year = $8,100Cost of present method per year = $41,000Increase in production = 8,000 boxes per yearContribution Margin = $1.40 per boxRate of return required = 20%
First, let's find the net cash inflows produced by the new dipping machine: Net cash inflows = Annual cash inflow - Annual cash outflow from the given data, Annual cash inflow = Increase in contribution from the new machine per year Annual cash outflow = Cost to operate the new machine per year - (Amount of cost saved by the new machine per year + Depreciation per year)
The cost saved by the new machine per year = Cost of present method per year - Cost to operate the new machine per year depreciation per year = (Cost of the new machine - Selling price of the new machine after 5 years - Cost of replacing parts in the third year) / (Useful life of the machine in years)
Now, substitute the given data in the formulae to find the annual net cash inflows: Cost saved by the new machine per year = $41,000 - $8,100 = $32,900
Depreciation per year = ($200,000 - $9,000 - $10,100) / 5 years = $36,980Annual cash outflow = $8,100 - ($32,900 + $36,980) = -$61,780Annual cash inflow = 8,000 boxes per year x $1.40 per box = $11,200Annual net cash inflows = $11,200 - (-$61,780) = $72,980
Therefore, the annual net cash inflows produced by the new dipping machine is $72,980.
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Answer the following questions on the basis of the three sets of data for the country of North Vaudeville:
(A) (B) (C)
Price Level Real GDP Price Level Real GDP Price Level Real GDP
110 225 110 275 100 200
100 225 100 250 100 225
95 225 95 225 100 250
90 225 90 200 100 275
a. Which set of data illustrates aggregate supply in the immediate short-run in North Vaudeville?
b. Which set of data illustrates aggregate supply in the short-run in North Vaudeville?
c. Which set of data illustrates aggregate supply in the long-run in North Vaudeville?
d. Assuming no change in hours of work, if real output per hour of work increases by 5 percent, what will be the new levels of real GDP in the right column of B?
e. Does the new data reflect an increase in aggregate supply or does it indicate a decrease in aggregate supply?
set C represents aggregate supply in the immediate short-run, set A represents aggregate supply in the short run, and Set B represents aggregate supply in the long run. The new data in set B reflects an increase in aggregate supply due to an increase in real output per hour of work.
a. Set C illustrates aggregate supply in the immediate short-run in North Vaudeville. This is because the price level remains constant at 100 across all data points, while real GDP fluctuates.
b. Set A illustrates aggregate supply in the short-run in North Vaudeville. In this set, there is a positive relationship between the price level and real GDP. As the price level increases, real GDP also increases.
c. Set B illustrates aggregate supply in the long run in North Vaudeville. In this set, the price level remains constant at 100, indicating that the economy has reached a state of equilibrium in the long run. Changes in the price level no longer have an impact on real GDP.
d. To calculate the new levels of real GDP in the right column of set B, we need to increase the real output per hour of work by 5 percent. Assuming the original real GDP values are 225, 250, 225, and 275, the new real GDP values will be 236.25, 262.50, 236.25, and 288.75, respectively. These values are obtained by multiplying the original values by 1.05.
e. The new data reflects an increase in aggregate supply. As the real output per hour of work increases by 5 percent, the economy is able to produce more goods and services at every price level. This indicates an expansion of aggregate supply, representing an increase in the economy's productive capacity.
In summary, set C represents aggregate supply in the immediate short-run, set A represents aggregate supply in the short run, and set B represents aggregate supply in the long run. The new data in set B reflects an increase in aggregate supply due to an increase in real output per hour of work.
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if a local bar in downtown san jose which is owned by san jose residents serves alcohol to an obviously intoxicated sjsu student who is minor also residing in san jose, and who thereafter injures him/herself or a third party the bar has:
The bar can be held liable for serving alcohol to a visibly intoxicated minor, leading to potential injuries or damages.
If a local bar in downtown San Jose, which is owned by San Jose residents, serves alcohol to an obviously intoxicated SJSU student who is a minor also residing in San Jose, and who thereafter injures him/herself or a third party, the bar has committed a crime.
The bar will be held liable for the injuries and the damages that result from the act. They can be charged with violating the alcohol control laws, which impose strict restrictions on the sale of alcohol to minors and visibly intoxicated persons. In California, it is illegal to sell alcohol to minors. Therefore, if a minor is served, the bartender and the bar are violating the law.
It is illegal to serve someone who is visibly drinking or to allow an intoxicated individual to consume alcohol on the premises. In such a situation, the bar could be held liable for the injuries and damages that result from the person's. If the student injures themselves or a third party, the bar will be held liable for damages and the injuries caused.
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