Some researchers have proposed a neurodevelopmental origin for schizophrenia based on anatomical studies that suggest abnormal brain development and premorbid functional deficits.
Recent neurochemical hypotheses have focused on the cortical amino acid neurotransmitter systems . A mental illness called schizophrenia is characterized by recurrent or ongoing psychotic episodes The main symptoms include delusions, disordered thinking, and hallucinations (which usually involve hearing voices). Apathy, diminished emotional expression, and social detachment are further signs. Symptoms often appear gradually, start in adolescence, and in many cases never go away. The diagnosis is made based on observable behavior, a history that includes the person's reported experiences, and the reports of people who are familiar with the person. There is no objective diagnostic test. Symptoms and functional impairment must be present for six months (DSM-5) or one month in order to be diagnosed with schizophrenia (ICD-11). Many persons who suffer from schizophrenia often have other mental illnesses, particularly substance abuse, depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.To know more about schizophrenia
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What 3 system removes carbon dioxide and waste from your cells?
Your skin, excretory system, and respiratory system all function to remove wastes from your cells.
All metabolic wastes are removed from the body by the excretory system. Organs that assist in the body's removal of nitrogenous wastes make up the human excretory system. The human excretory system consists of the urethra, two kidneys, two ureters, and a urine bladder.
Does the circulatory system eliminate waste and carbon dioxide from cells?Cells receive oxygen, nutrients, and hormones from the circulatory system, which also removes wastes like carbon dioxide. When we breathe out, carbon dioxide in the blood diffuses through the alveoli and is expelled from the body.
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How can I lower my eye pressure?
You can lower your eye pressure by following ways Eat a healthy diet. Eating a healthy diet can help you maintain your health, but it won't prevent glaucoma from worsening.
What causes the pressure in your eyes to be high?Elevated eye pressure happens as the result of a buildup of fluid that flows throughout the inside of the eye. This fluid also is known as the aqueous humor. It usually drains through a tissue located at the angle where the iris and cornea meet. This tissue also is called the trabecular meshwork.
Symptoms of High Eye Pressure:-Pain inside and around the eye, Blurred vision, Blind spots in the visual field, Red eyes, Irritation and discomfort to the eyes, Headaches.
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What are the main issues of concerning about genetic engineering?
The main issues of concerning about genetic engineering are:
Potential as well as unknown environmental impacts- It is impossible to deny that genetic engineering has played a significant role in the sustainability of foods and life on Earth, but negative consequences also await. Nobody can predict the environmental effects of genetically modified crops or animals. This may result in ecological imbalance and the extinction of another. A minor engineering mishap can have a negative impact on the environment, causing major problems later on. Any error in the genetics of bacteria and viruses can result in a stronger type that causes widespread damage, not only to crops but also to animals and humans. These potential errors could be fatal.
Human risks- If viral vectors are inserted inside the body and carry functional genes, they can cause unknown health conditions that can be fatal, as well as susceptibility to viruses and any form of disease if engineered incorrectly. The new food supply may also contain new allergens as a result of genetic engineering. Transgenic crops can introduce allergens into foods that humans do not know how to avoid.
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when is a school of fish likely to partake in ram feeding
1. during long migrations
2. when threatened by apex predators
3. in dense concentrations of copepods
4. when there is scarcity of phytoplankton
In a dense concentration of copepods a school of fish likely to partake in ram feeding. The correct option to this question is 3.
What is ram feeding?Ram feeding is an underwater feeding technique in which the predator advances while maintaining an open mouth, enveloping the prey and the water around it. The prey is locked in place during ram feeding, and the predator moves its jaws past the prey to seize it.
This is crucial since young fish only need to be fed after a day or two, whereas large, healthy specimens can easily go seven to ten days without feeding. In any case, a simple method can help to lengthen the time between meals while still maintaining the fish's health.
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suppose friendly ants fed on sugary droplets excreted from a caterpillar, but did nothing to help the caterpillar. assuming that taking the sugar does not hurt the caterpillar, what type of symbiotic relationship is this?
This is a symbiotic partnership of the commercial kind. When two organisms of different species operate together, they are said to be in a mutualistic relationship since they both gain from it.
What is an illustration of reciprocity?An illustration of a mutualistic relationship is the one between an animal called an oxpecker and a rhinoceros or zebra. Ticks and other skin-living parasites are eaten by oxpeckers when they settle on rhinos or zebras. The oxpeckers are fed, and the animals are protected from pests.
What does a mutualistic symbiosis look like in practice?In the warm waters of the Pacific or Indian Oceans, we would most certainly see a wonderful illustration of mutualism: the connection between water life and clownfish anemones. The mutualistic relationship is advantageous to both species. Living affixed to coral reef surfaces are sea anemones.
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The total of all the chemical reactions and physical changes within the body is the:
a. homeostatic balance
b. catabolism
c. anabolism
d. metabolism
Explanation:
the total of all the chemical reactions and physical changes within a body is the body's metabolism. the answer is d
What is the size of capillary tube?
The length of the capillary tube can range from 1- 6m and the diameter on the inside ranges from 0.5-2mm.
Narrow cylindrical tubes having very small diameters are known as capillary tubes. Pressure reduction is the main objective of the capillary tube. Its primary usage is in the laboratories for collection of various samples of liquid. Molarity, molality and other concentrations can also be checked using capillary tubes. It can also be used in refrigeration in order to control the flow of refrigerants. The length of the capillary tube can range from 1- 6m and the diameter on the inside ranges from 0.5-2mm. If we decrease the diameter of the tube, the weight of the liquid also decreases. Hence, with the decrease in the diameter the phenomenon of capillarity increases. If there is insufficient height of the tube, the radius of the meniscus changes in order to ensure that there is no spilling.
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What is biologically contaminated?
Biological contamination generally refers to contamination of our food or environment with microorganisms which includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Biological contaminants include bacteria, viruses, animal dander and cat saliva, house dust, mites, cockroaches, and pollen. There are many sources of these pollutants. By controlling the relative humidity level in a home, the growth of some sources of biologicals can be minimized.
Biological contamination refers to the event wherein any other living organism, mostly microorganisms, contaminate a food product. Biological contamination is one of the common causes of food poisoning as well as spoilage. Biological contamination of drinking water is common in developing countries and poses a health risk, often associated with diarrheal diseases. Contamination can also be caused by heavy metals like lead,cadmium and mercury. Contamination by heavy metal in food occurs mainly through pollution of water and soil.
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List ways we can deal with invasive species?
( I know this is simple but like I'm too lazy to do it rn)
Stop codons are unique because they __________.
Stop codons are unique because they do not code for amino acids that allow a releasing factor to bind to A site of the ribosome.
What is unique about codon ?The four nucleotides included in mRNA — A, U, G, and C — can be combined in a total of 64 distinct ways since codons are three-letter structures. These 64 codons are made up of 61 amino acid codons and three stop signal codons, which mark the completion of protein synthesis.
The genetic code contains the STOP codons UAG, UAA, and UGA. During translation, these codons indicate the polypeptide chain's conclusion. Because they do not encode an amino acid, these codons are often known as nonsense or termination codons.
A stop codon is a trinucleotide sequence of three nucleotides found in messenger RNA (mRNA) or DNA that instructs the cell to stop production of proteins. Trinucleotide codons come in 64 different varieties.
Thus, Stop codons are unique because they do not code for amino acids that allow a releasing factor to bind to A site of the ribosome.
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When blood plasma leaks out of the capillaries it is then called ______
Answer: extracellular fluid
Explanation:
What are 3 interesting facts about snails?
Both snails and slugs are classified as gastropods. A snail cannot hear. They hunt for food by using their sense of smell. The movement-related slime that snails leave in their wake.
Do snails lack gender, or what?Because they are hermaphrodites, snails have a lot on their minds when they make love. Garden snails, as opposed to you, may simultaneously generate sperm like men and carry eggs like females.
They all have blue blood, including snails, spiders, and octopi. These beings truly have blue blood; we are not speaking in terms of royalty. Transporting oxygen throughout the body is one of blood's functions.
Because these conditions resemble their natural state, snails like darkness over light, moisture over dryness, and cold over heat.
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Describe one path carbon can take through the environment (through the systems and bodies of living things and back in our land, oceans, and atmosphere). Be sure to include at least five specific places that the carbon atom can be found as it makes its cycle.
Carbon is stored on our planet in the following major sinks :
(1) as organic molecules in living and dead organisms found in the biosphere.
(2) as the gas carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
(3) as organic matter in soils.
(4) in the lithosphere as fossil fuels and sedimentary rock deposits such as limestone dolomite and chalk.
(5) in the oceans as dissolved atmospheric carbon dioxide and as calcium carbonate shells in marine organisms.
Why is monggo called Friday?
Answer: High in protein and fiber but low in calories or carbohydrates and it is also called poor man's meat .
Explanation: Every Friday is the most common meal among the Filipinos and it is being rich in protein ,The nitrogen fixing bacteria in its roots can help restore the fertility of the soil thus it is great as rotational crop .its a great thing that monggo ,as a produce ,is also easy to grow and quite tolerant to drought and it also helpful for the pregnant ladies since it helps to promote the development of baby's nervous system and discriminates the disabilities of growth .
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Termites get almost all their energy from eating wood and dead plants. Although termites rely on wood for food, they cannot digest it. Instead, termites rely on protists called trichonymphs. These organisms live in their intestines and convert wood particles into food. Even though termites are animals and trichonymphs are protists, what do both organisms have in common?.
A. Both are eukaryotic
Explanation:
Despite the fact that termites are insects that eat wood, termites are not equipped for processing wood all alone. Endosymbionts like trichonympha that live inside the digestive tracts of the termite help with converting over the wood into nutrients that the termite can process.
Trichonympha have the enzymes that can convert cellulose in wood into starches and sugars that the termite can use for their nutrition. In return, these living beings profit by the nonstop supply of energy rich cellulose and an appropriate domain in which to live. Both trichonympha and termites show mutualism.
Diseases that result from chronic exposure to excess levels of stressors, which produce a General Adaptation Syndrome response are:
mental disorders.
brain diseases.
None of these is correct.
diseases of adaptation.
Diseases resulting from prolonged exposure to excessive levels of stress, which produce a general adaptation syndrome response are diseases of adaptation. So, the correct option is (D).
What is General adaptation syndrome (GAS)?
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is a type of disease in which our body reacts to stress. It was first identified in 1946 by a scientist named Hans Selye.
General adaptation syndrome describes the body's response to stress. There are three phases of stress:
1. The alarm phase
2. The resistance phase
3. The exhaustion phase
This age-old proverb is explained as the ability of youth to adapt to changing stresses in the environment. The origin of these stressors can be physical (pollution, nutritional status, infection) or psychological (trauma, upbringing, home environment).
Thus, diseases resulting from prolonged exposure to excessive levels of stress, which produce a general adaptation syndrome response are diseases of adaptation. So, the correct option is (D).
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Openings of _______ are visible in the left atrium.
Openings of Pulmonary veins are visible in the left atrium.
One of the four heart chambers, the left atrium is situated on the posterior left side. Its main purposes are to act as a storage chamber for blood returning from the lungs and to act as a pump to move blood to other parts of the heart.
The following are the openings in the left atrium:
Its rear wall contains four pulmonary vein openings, two on each side, without valves.
Several tiny vena cordis minima apertures.
Atrioventricular orifice on the left. The mitral valve protects it.
Four pulmonary veins—left and right superior and inferior on both sides—carry blood inside. After that, the blood exits the left ventricle through the mitral valve and the left atrioventricular orifice. The left atrium houses the anterior and posterior leaflets of the bicuspid mitral valve.
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Around 50,000 rainforest species go extinct every year.
true
false
The given statement is True....sadly
Click to select the behaviors that support weight management Eat breakfast Take weight loss supplements advertised on Infomercials Keep a food journal Restrict energy intake to less than 1200 kcal/day Pack healthy snacks for a long day on campus Reduce energy intake by about 500 kcal per day Avold weighing oneself on a scale Plan physical activity into the day
The behaviors that support weight management are:
a) Eat breakfast
c) Keep a food journal
e) Pack healthy snacks for a long day on campus
h) Plan physical activity into the day
Weight management can be described as the strategies that are implemented to control the weight of a person. Eating a healthy breakfast helps in weight management as it keeps you energetic and full.
Keeping a food journal helps you in tracking the food that you have eaten and your calorie intake and helps in weight management. Packing healthy snacks when you know that you will have a long day outside helps in weight management as by doing so, you restrict yourself from eating junk outside. Physical activity in a day causes you to lose weight and hence helps you in weight management.
The question will correctly be written as:
Select the behaviors that support weight management
a) Eat breakfast
b) Take weight loss supplements advertised on Infomercials
c) Keep a food journal
d) Restrict energy intake to less than 1200 kcal/day
e) Pack healthy snacks for a long day on campus
f) Reduce energy intake by about 500 kcal per day
g) Avold weighing oneself on a scale
h) Plan physical activity into the day
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If two children have blood types O and AB, what are the genotypes and phenotypes
of their biological parents?
Parents' genotype: AO and BO
Parents' phenotype: Type A and Type B
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Which of the following is not true for enzymes?
a. Enzymes lower the activation energy barrier of a reaction.
b. Enzymes are made up of proteins.
c. Enzymes are used up in reactions.
d. Enzymes can be affected by changes in temperature.
e. Enzymes contain an active site.
Enzymes are used up in reactions. This is not true for enzymes.
Enzymes are proteins that aid in the speeding up of metabolism, or the chemical reactions that occur in our bodies. Some substances are created while others are destroyed. Enzymes are found in all living things. Our bodies naturally produce enzymes.
According to the International Union of Biochemists (IUB), enzymes are classified into six functional classes based on the type of reaction they catalyze. Hydrolases, oxidoreductases, lyases, transferases, ligases, and isomerases are the six types of enzymes.
Enzymes are proteins that aid in the speeding up of metabolism, or the chemical reactions that occur in our bodies. Some substances are created while others are destroyed. Enzymes are found in all living things. Our bodies naturally produce enzymes.
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How do regulatory proteins bind to DNA?
In order to facilitate RNA polymerase activity and the transcription of neighboring genes, activator proteins bind to regulatory sites on DNA that are close to promoter regions that function as on/off switches.
Gene expression refers to the utilization of a gene to produce a protein. It comprises protein synthesis via DNA transcription processes as well as mRNA translation. It may also involve further protein processing following synthesis. Gene expression is regulated to ensure that the appropriate proteins are produced at the appropriate time and location.
The lac operon in prokaryotic DNA, which determines whether bacteria in the lower GI use lactose or glucose for energy, is a notable example of this.
The lacI region of DNA expresses a repressor molecule that inhibits lacZ and lacY expression by preventing RNA raw materials from being synthesized in order to break down galactose.
When the extracellular glucose level is high, the galactoside permease prevents the cell membrane from being permeable to lactose.
When extracellular glucose levels are low, the cell membrane may be more permeable to lactose, resulting in the expression of lacY and lacZ genes in proteins and enzymes that facilitate lactose digestion.
Furthermore, when the cAMP-CAP complex forms within the cell as a result of intercellular lactose, it increases transcription of the previously stated genes.
The regulation of gene expression is critical during the early stages of organism development. Regulatory proteins must activate certain genes in specific cells at precisely the appropriate time for the individual to grow normal organs and organ systems. Homeobox genes are a vast collection of genes that affect embryonic development. Humans have an estimated 235 functioning homs.
Humans have an estimated 235 functioning homeobox genes. They are found on all chromosomes and are typically organized into clusters. Homeobox genes encode instructions for the formation of 60 amino acid chains known as homeodomains. Homeodomain proteins are transcription factors that bind to and regulate the activity of other genes. The homeodomain is a protein component that binds to it.
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How do you write a haiku about nature?
Answer:
I don't really know what you mean but I'll tell you that a haiku is a 5,7,5 syllable stanza
Example:
For starters it does not have to rhyme
Ok now to the answer, remember this is a example try not to copy paste this or write it down changing two words.
The birds are singing
nature a beautiful thing
The wolves are hunting
there you go, I did not really try but this is just to give you a decent understanding of what it is.
Hope this helped :)
Breathing is controlled solely by the medulla oblongata and pons. FALSEThe rate of oxygen diffusion is affected by the pressure gradient of carbon dioxide. FALSEAccording to the Bohr effect, a low level of oxyhemoglobin enables the blood to transport more CO 2 .FALSEHemoglobin releases the same amount of oxygen to all the tissues regardless of variations in their metabolic rate. FALSE(could you explain these questions? thank you. )
In the lungs' millions of alveoli and the capillaries that surround them, gas exchange occurs. As seen in the diagram below, breathed oxygen travels from the alveoli to the capillaries' blood, while carbon dioxide travels from the capillaries' blood to the air in the alveoli.
Oxygen is carried by the air we breathe, which raises the amount of oxygen in the blood that circulates throughout the body. The blood's levels of carbon dioxide rise as it travels back to the lungs, discharging it from there and into the atmosphere. In order to increase the rate of diffusion, breathing in and out (a ventilation mechanism) maintains a sharp concentration gradient between the oxygen (and carbon dioxide) in the alveoli and the blood.
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Are snails and clams the same?
Clams and snails are members of the phylum Mollusca.
The Mollusca members have a radula, a mantle, and a hard shell. They are contributors of mother of pearl, abalone shells, and lustrous pearls that resemble items of jewelry. A tentacled head, a muscular foot, a feeding apparatus called the radula, and a fully developed digestive tract are gross features of the molluscan body. The mantle of molluscan periodically secretes an exterior shell. The mantle forms a hard external shell that provides protection from various prey and pressure. A marine mollusca that lives in freshwater and burrows, the clam feeds on mud or sand. An invertebrate known as a mollusca has a soft, unsegmented body that is typically covered by a shell.
Hence, animals belonging to the same phylum show similar characteristics.
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PLEASE HELP!!!!!!
Read the scientist’s journal entry from Saturday. Then, use all the journal entries to answer the questions that follow.
Saturday, August 29
I do not know for sure yet, but because this new species lays eggs, I am going to guess this species is a reptile. I will need make more observations to know for sure!
Friday, August 28
This new species is very interesting to observe. Its members seem naturally curious, and love investigating my hidden cameras. I might try to capture one in the future and see if I can teach it a new behavior. But for now, I don’t know if the population could afford to lose a member. They must be rare if no one has discovered one before. For now, its environment is doing well. I am seeing an increase in the butterfly population, which is allowing for an increase in the flowing plants, since the butterflies help to pollinate them.
Tuesday, August 25
I think I have discovered a new species! I found them while studying the area to see how a recent increase in rainstorms is affecting the environment. The change seems to have made the species more successful.
Below are my observations regarding the new species.
feeds on local butterflies
inflates itself when scared
lays eggs
lives close to a lake
burrows in the ground
appears to have a greenish-brown skin color
communicates through sounds
If the scientist is correct and the new species is a reptile, how would the new species maintain homeostasis?
A number of control systems that operate at the organ, tissue, or cellular level work together to maintain homeostasis
How do reptiles maintain homeostasis?Reptiles are ectothermic, which means they depend on their environment to regulate their body temperature, unlike mammals and birds maintain their body temperature through metabolic heat.For instance, the human body and that of other warm-blooded creatures maintain homeostasis by keeping an eye on and managing their internal water levels, body acidity, and temperatures. Osmoregulation is a process that regulates the body's water balance.A number of control systems that operate at the organ, tissue, or cellular level work together to maintain homeostasis. Substrate supply, individual enzyme and receptor activation or inhibition, enzyme synthesis and breakdown, and compartmentalization are some of these regulatory mechanisms.To learn more about homeostasis refer,
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Members of this group of microbes can break down glycogen deposited in the vaginal lining in response to estrogen. This helps to drop the pH in the area, preventing infections.
Archaea are organisms that thrive in anaerobic conditions containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Archaea are obligate anaerobes that thrive in low-oxygen settings and glycogen breaking.
The glycogen that is deposited in the vaginal lining in response to estrogen can be broken down by this group of microorganisms. By lowering the pH there, this helps to guard against diseases. Single-celled microbes called archaea have a similar structure to bacteria. They make up the third domain of life and are unique from bacteria and eukaryotes in terms of evolution. Examples of archaebacteria include methanogens, which create methane, halophiles, which can live in excessively salty settings, and thermophiles, which can live in extremely hot situations.
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What is the comparison of bat to human arm in function?
A bat's wing structure is far more adaptable. With the exception of a small skin membrane extending between the "hand" and the body, it resembles a human arm and hand in almost every way.
What purpose does a bat arm serve?Although the bones in these organisms are all of the same fundamental sorts, they have been changed to serve various purposes. Humans utilize their forearms to play the piano, swing a baseball bat, and reach out and pick up objects. Birds and bats can fly thanks to the development of wings on their forearms.
How do a bat's wing and a human arm compare?Like human hands, each wing contains a thumb and four fingers. Bats are classified as mammals. Chiroptera is Latin for "hand wing." Sometimes, bats scoop food into their mouths using their wings much like we do with our hands.
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what are friendly bacteria that aid with the body's biological functions, such as digestion? resident bacteria protozoans viruses fungi
Friendly bacteria that aid with the body's biological functions, such as digestion are known as Resident bacteria.
The Resident bacteria help keep the digestive system in working order and keep harmful bacteria from moving in. It provides essential capacities for the fermentation of non-digestible substrates like dietary fibres and endogenous intestinal mucus. This fermentation supports the growth of specialist microbes that produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gases. It dysbiosis probably promotes diet induced obesity and metabolic complications by a variety of mechanisms including immune dysregulation, altered energy regulation, altered gut hormone regulation, and proinflammatory mechanisms
Along with bacteria, other microorganisms are also present in the gut that promote digestion.The collective name for all the kinds of microorganisms that typically live in the gut is the gut microbiota.
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How long does it take for a vaccine to be effective?
Answer:
Typically for most or any vaccination you get it can take up to two weeks to get the full protection or the effects of it.