1) If government spending in Queensland increases by $50, equilibrium output increases by $200.The answer is b. $200.2)The equilibrium level of income in Queensland is C) $10,000.3) Option b) an increase in the government's budget surplus or at least a reduction in its deficit.
1)The increase in government spending increases the aggregate expenditure which leads to the increase in equilibrium output. The government spending multiplier is 4.
This means that for every $1 increase in government spending, there will be a $4 increase in equilibrium output. Therefore, an increase of $50 in government spending would lead to an increase in equilibrium output by $200 (50 × 4).
2) The equilibrium level of income in Queensland is $10,000.The formula to calculate equilibrium output is:
Y = C + I + G + NX
Here, C = 2000 + 0.75 Yd, T = 200, G = 400, and I = 500
Substituting the given values in the formula, we get:Y = [2000 + 0.75(Y - 200)] + 500 + 400
By solving the equation, we get:Y = 10000
Therefore, the equilibrium level of income in Queensland is c) $10,000.
3) An increase in the government's budget surplus or at least a reduction in its deficit is the appropriate fiscal policy when an economic expansion is underway, and as a result, actual output exceeds the potential output for the economy. Inflationary pressures are building.
The appropriate fiscal policy is to either increase the government's budget surplus or reduce its deficit. This can be done by either reducing government spending or increasing taxes.
This will reduce aggregate demand and control inflation. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
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How is the tension in 2014 and Victor Yanukovych related to the current Russia-Ukraine war? Explain. In 2014, the tension between the two groups escalated as then-president Victor Yanukovych backed away from a deal to increase connections with the European Union and instead sought closer ties with Russia. In Western Ukraine, people engaged in wide spread protests prompting the government to sign a set of anti-protest laws, while in Eastern Ukraine,most supported the government. Ultimately,Yanukovych was removed from office prompting military intervention from Russia.
The tension in 2014 and the events surrounding then-president Victor Yanukovych are closely related to the current Russia-Ukraine war. The situation in 2014 marked a significant turning point in Ukraine's political landscape and set the stage for the ongoing conflict.
The tension began when Yanukovych, under pressure from Russia, decided to back away from a deal that would have increased Ukraine's connections with the European Union. Instead, he sought closer ties with Russia, which sparked widespread protests in Western Ukraine where people aspired for closer European integration.
In response to the protests, the government enacted a set of anti-protest laws, further escalating tensions. The divide between Western and Eastern Ukraine became more apparent, with the majority of Eastern Ukraine supporting Yanukovych's government.
The culmination of these events occurred when Yanukovych was removed from office through impeachment proceedings. This triggered military intervention by Russia, which resulted in the annexation of Crimea and the outbreak of a separatist conflict in Eastern Ukraine.
The war between Russia and Ukraine that ensued is an extension of the underlying tensions and geopolitical struggles that emerged in 2014. The conflict is rooted in differing visions for Ukraine's future, with Russia seeking to maintain influence and control in the region, while Ukraine strives for independence and closer ties with the West.
Therefore, the tension and events surrounding Victor Yanukovych in 2014 played a significant role in shaping the current Russia-Ukraine war.
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Question 2 (Accounting and Ethics) (15 marks)
Marang Letsatsi is the MD and main shareholder of Marang ‘s Bar & Grill. To expand, the business is applying for a R250 000 bank loan. To get the loan, Marang is considering two options for beefing up the owners’ equity of the business:
Option1: Issue R100 000 of ordinary shares for cash. A friend has been wanting to invest in the company. This may be the right time to extend the offer
Option 2: Transfer R100 000 of Marang ‘s personal land to the business. and issue ordinary shares to Marang. Then after obtaining the loan Marang can transfer the land back to himself and zero out the ordinary shares
Required Use the ethical decision-making model to answer the following questions:
1. What is the ethical issue (1)
2. Who are the stakeholders? (4) what are the possible consequences to each? (2)
3. Analyze the alternatives from the following standpoints a) economic, b) legal, and c) ethical (6)
4. What would you do? How would you justify your decision? How would your decision make you feel afterwards? (2
The decision to issue R 100,000 worth of ordinary shares in exchange for cash is unethical due to possibility that company would be taken over by a friend who has no interest in the business and lacks credibility.
2. The decision to transfer R 100,000 of Marang's personal land to the business is unethical because it could result in the business being taken over by a non-interested person or someone with poor reputation.
1. Situations that arise as a result of a moral conflict and must be resolved are referred to as ethical issues. As a result, ethical issues frequently conflict with societal values.
2. Partners are people, gatherings or associations straightforwardly engaged with, or in a roundabout way impacted by, an undertaking, item, administration or venture. All things considered, partners moreover influence why and how an organization carries on with work.
3. Ethical means to follow certain moral codes that aren't always enforced by law, whereas legal means to follow the rules of the law.
4.The process of identifying a decision, gathering information, and evaluating alternative options is known as decision making. Utilizing a bit by bit dynamic interaction can assist you with making more conscious, smart choices by coordinating pertinent data and characterizing options.
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jia chun is trying to calculate the taxable equivalent yield for a municipal bond. if the bond she owns pays 3 percent interest and she is in the 27 percent tax bracket, what is the taxable-equivalent yield (round to nearest percent)?
The taxable-equivalent yield for Jia Chun's municipal bond is approximately 4.11 percent (rounded to the nearest percent).
To calculate the taxable-equivalent yield for a municipal bond, Jia Chun needs to consider her tax bracket and the interest rate of the bond. In this case, the bond pays a 3 percent interest rate, and Jia Chun is in the 27 percent tax bracket.
The taxable-equivalent yield is the yield a taxable bond would need to have in order to match the after-tax yield of a tax-exempt municipal bond. Since municipal bond interest is generally tax-exempt, Jia Chun's taxable-equivalent yield will be lower than the bond's stated interest rate.
To calculate the taxable-equivalent yield, we can use the following formula:
Taxable-Equivalent Yield = Municipal Bond Yield / (1 - Tax Rate)
In Jia Chun's case, the municipal bond yield is 3 percent, and her tax rate is 27 percent (0.27 in decimal form). Plugging these values into the formula:
Taxable-Equivalent Yield = 3% / (1 - 0.27)
= 3% / 0.73
≈ 4.11%
Therefore, the taxable-equivalent yield for the municipal bond Jia Chun owns is approximately 4.11 percent (rounded to the nearest percent). This means that a taxable bond would need to yield around 4.11 percent for Jia Chun to achieve the same after-tax return as her tax-exempt municipal bond.
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I have income of 126. If a value added tax of 0.6 is applied to all goods, it is the equivalent of a reduction of and so on.) in income. Round to two decimal places. (For this question, a tax of 0.1 m
I have income of 126. If a value added tax of 0.6 is applied to all goods, it is the equivalent of a reduction of $75.60 in income.
Value Added Tax (VAT) refers to tax imposed on consumption of value added at each stage of production and distribution.
To calculate the reduction in income due to the value-added tax (VAT),
Income: $126 (Given)
VAT Rate: 0.6 (equivalent to 60%) (Given)
Reduction in income = Income × VAT Rate
= $126 × 0.6
= $75.60
Therefore, the equivalent reduction in income due to the 0.6 VAT rate is $75.60.
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The complete question is:
I have income of 126. If a value added tax of 0.6 is applied to all goods, it is the equivalent of a reduction of ____ in income. Round to two decimal places. (For this question, a tax of 0.1 means 10%, a tax of 0.2 means 20% and so on.)
A clause in a contract between Tall Timber Corporation, a U.S. firm, and Wang Woods, Ltd. a Japanese firm, specifies that disputes over the contract will be adjudicated in the United States. This is a an arbitration clause Ob. an adjudication clause. c. a forum selection clause, Od. a domestic-dispute clause.
The clause in the contract between Tall Timber Corporation, a U.S. firm, and Wang Woods, Ltd., a Japanese firm, that specifies disputes will be adjudicated in the United States is a forum selection clause. Option C.
The venue or place where any legal disputes resulting from the contract will be decided is chosen by a forum selection clause. The phrase in this instance specifies that the United States will serve as the exclusive forum for resolving disputes. This indicates that, as provided for in the contract, any disputes between the parties relating to the contract must be resolved through arbitration or legal action in a U.S. court.
The forum selection provision eliminates ambiguity and potential conflicts over jurisdiction by providing clarity and predictability regarding where any disputes would be settled.
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Chiles Inc. recently paid a dividend of $1.65 that is expected to grow at a rate of 20% for the next 3 years and then at a more stable and constant rate of 5% thereafter. If investors of this stock require a 10% rate or return what is the intrinsic value (PO) of this stock?
The intrinsic value (PO) of the stock is $65.71.
To calculate the intrinsic value (PO) of Chiles Inc. stock, we can use the dividend discount model (DDM). The DDM calculates the present value of future dividends to determine the stock's intrinsic value.First, let's calculate the dividends for the next three years using the dividend growth rate:Year 1: $1.65 * (1 + 20%) = $1.98Year 2: $1.98 * (1 + 20%) = $2.38Year 3: $2.38 * (1 + 20%) = $2.86Next, we need to calculate the present value of the dividends using the required rate of return. We will use a discount rate of 10% for this calculation:PV = ($1.98 / (1 + 10%)^1) + ($2.38 / (1 + 10%)^2) + ($2.86 / (1 + 10%)^3)The calculation for the perpetuity value is as follows:Perpetuity Value = $2.86 * (1 + 5%) / (10% - 5%)Perpetuity Value = $2.86 * (1.05) / (0.05)Perpetuity Value = $2.86 * 1.05 / 0.05Perpetuity Value = $3.00 / 0.05Perpetuity Value = $60.00Therefore, the perpetuity value of the stock is $60.00.After the third year, the dividends are expected to grow at a stable rate of 5%. To calculate the perpetuity value, we use the formula: PV = D / (r - g), where D is the dividend and g is the growth rate:Perpetuity Value = $2.86 * (1 + 5%) / (10% - 5%)Finally, we sum the present value of the dividends and the perpetuity value to get the intrinsic value (PO) of the stock:PO = PV + Perpetuity ValuePresent Value = ($1.98 / (1 + 10%)^1) + ($2.38 / (1 + 10%)^2) + ($2.86 / (1 + 10%)^3)Present Value = ($1.98 / (1.10)^1) + ($2.38 / (1.10)^2) + ($2.86 / (1.10)^3)Present Value = $1.80 + $1.91 + $2.00Present Value = $5.71Therefore, the present value of the dividends for the first three years is $5.71.To calculate the intrinsic value (PO) of the stock, we need to add the present value of the dividends for the first three years to the perpetuity value calculated earlier.Intrinsic Value (PO) = Present Value of Dividends + Perpetuity ValueIntrinsic Value (PO) = $5.71 + $60.00Intrinsic Value (PO) = $65.71Therefore, the intrinsic value (PO) of the stock is $65.71.Calculating the exact value requires plugging in the numbers into the formulas and performing the calculations. However, based on the provided information, the intrinsic value (PO) of Chiles Inc. stock can be determined using the steps outlined above.For more questions on stock
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A bank is offering a savings account with an effective annual compound interest rate of 6.50%. The compounding period for the bank is every 2 months. What is the interest rate for the bank account for each 2 month period?
The interest rate for each 2-month period in the bank account is around 1.08%.
Interest rate = 6.50%
Time duration = 2 months
Calculating compounding periods -
As the compounding period is every 2 months, means the total number of compounding periods is
= 12/2 ( There are 12 months in a year)
= 6
The amount a person pays for borrowing represented as a percentage of the entire loan amount, is called the interest rate.
Calculating the interest rate for each two-month period:
Interest rate per period = Effective annual interest rate / Number of compounding periods
Substituting the values -
= 6.50% / 6
= 0.0650 / 6
≈ 0.0108
or 1.08%
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GadgetDeals.com is a leading online electronics retailer that operate 365 days per year. Their new product, the SKYEYES flying home security camera, is priced at $399 and has an annual demand of 8,000 units. The annual holding cost is $7 per unit per year and the ordering cost is $85 per order. What is the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) for this item? units (Please round to the nearest whole number). GadgetDeals strives to maintain a 95% service level (z=1.645). Assume the average daily demand for this item is 22 units and demand is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 1.1 units. The items are ordered from a regional warehouse. The averaege lead time of 6 days is normally distributed and has a standard deviation of 2.0 days. What is the Safety Stock level required to meet GadgetDeals's 95% service level target? to the next whole number) What is the Reorder Point? units (Please round up to the next whole number) units (Please round up
Given data: Annual demand (D) = 8,000 units. Ordering cost (S) = $85. Annual holding cost (H) = $7 per unit. Standard deviation of demand (σ) = 1.1 units. Average daily demand (d) = 22 units Lead time (L) = 6 days.
Standard deviation of lead time (σL) = 2.0 daysService level = 95% ⇒ z = 1.645. Formulae used: Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) = √(2DS/H)Reorder Point (ROP) = dL + zσ√L safety stock level (ss) = zσLWe have to find: EOQ, safety stock level (ss), and ROP for the given item.
Economic Order Quantity (EOQ):EOQ = √(2DS/H).
Here, D = 8,000 units S = $85H = $7 per unit.
Therefore, EOQ = √(2 x 8,000 x 85/7)EOQ = 1,258 units (rounded to the nearest whole number).
Safety stock level (ss): ss = zσLGiven,z = 1.645σL = 2.0 days.
Therefore, ss = 1.645 x 1.1 x √(6 + 2)ss = 4.98 ≈ 5 units (rounded up to the next whole number).
Reorder Point (ROP):ROP = dL + zσ√LROP = 22 x 6 + 1.645 x 1.1 x √6 x 2ROP = 132 + 2.75ROP = 135 units (rounded up to the next whole number).
Hence, the EOQ is 1,258 units, the safety stock level required is 5 units, and the reorder point is 135 units.
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Which of the statements is wrong? O Money supply increase leads to decrease in interest rate Decrease in Interest Rate leads to Increase in Investment Increase in Investment leads to increase in Aggre
The statement "Decrease in Interest Rate leads to Increase in Investment" is incorrect.
In reality, a decrease in interest rates typically leads to an increase in investment. Lower interest rates make borrowing cheaper, which encourages businesses and individuals to borrow and invest in various projects. This increased investment can have a positive impact on aggregate demand and economic growth.
So, the correct statement should be: "Decrease in Interest Rate leads to Increase in Investment."
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On January 1, 2020, Sunland Corporation had the following stockholders’ equity accounts.
Common Stock ($24 par value, 65,000 shares issued and outstanding) $1,560,000
Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par—Common Stock 191,000
Retained Earnings 591,000
During the year, the following transactions occurred.
Feb. 1 Declared a $1 cash dividend per share to stockholders of record on February 15, payable March 1.
Mar. 1 Paid the dividend declared in February.
Apr. 1 Announced a 2-for-1 stock split. Prior to the split, the market price per share was $36.
July 1 Declared a 10% stock dividend to stockholders of record on July 15, distributable July 31. On July 1, the market price of the stock was $14 per share.
31 Issued the shares for the stock dividend.
Dec. 1 Declared a $0.30 per share dividend to stockholders of record on December 15, payable January 5, 2021.
31 Determined that net income for the year was $328,000.
The following shareholder equity accounts were held by Sunland Corporation as of January 1, 2020. Common Stock (65,000 issued and outstanding shares, 24 par value) Common stock 191,000 Retained Earnings 591,000 Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par $1,560,000 Throughout the year.
Total shareholders' equity is comprised of a number of different kinds of equity accounts. Common stock, preferred stock, Tcontributed surplus, additional paid-in capital, retained earnings, other comprehensive earnings, and treasury stock are some of the accounts that make up this group.
As of January 1, 2020, Newlin Corporation's stockholders' equity section displays $1,500,000 in common stock ($5 par value), $1,000,000 in paid-in capital above par, and $1,200,000 in retained earnings. The following treasury stock transactions took place throughout the year. 50,000 shares were bought with cash at a price of $15 each.
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One expects car prices to be more stable compared with oil prices due to which of the following reasons? a. Whereas the demand and supply for cars are expected to be quite stable, that for all can change a lot even over the short run b. While the car market comprises a few dominant players, there is a near-monopoly, OPEC, in the oil market c. Purchases in the petroleum (gas) market occurs more frequently than in the car market. d. Demand for oil increases faster than the demand for cars e. There is seasonal supply for oil but not for cars.
One expects car prices to be more stable compared with oil prices due to the following reasons Whereas the demand and supply for cars are expected to be quite stable, that for oil can change a lot even over the short run.b. While the car market comprises a few dominant players, there is a near-monopoly, OPEC, in the oil market.
Demand for oil increases faster than the demand for cars.e. There is seasonal supply for oil but not for cars.The correct option is a. Whereas the demand and supply for cars are expected to be quite stable, that for oil can change a lot even over the short run. Why does one expect car prices to be more stable compared with oil prices The demand and supply for cars are expected to be quite stable, that for oil can change a lot even over the short run is the reason why one expects car prices to be more stable compared with oil prices.T
he demand and supply for cars will always have a certain level of demand. When people need to replace their cars, they will do so at the end of the lease period or when the car has become too old to operate efficiently. Car producers generally take this into account, and they strive to manufacture cars that satisfy the most significant demand at a reasonable price.On the other hand, oil prices are highly unpredictable, and they can change at any moment due to several factors such as wars, political instability, or natural disasters.
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debit call spreads are profitable if: i both contracts expire ii both contracts are exercised iii the market price of the stock rises iv the market price of the stock stays the same or goes down
Debit call spreads are profitable if iii) the market price of the stock rises. Debit call spreads are a bullish options trading approach that includes simultaneously buying and selling two call options.
These call options differ in terms of their strike prices, which means they will have different premium costs. The options trader is expecting the price of the underlying stock to rise. This strategy is sometimes referred to as a "debit call spread" or a "bull call spread."Profitable conditions for Debit call spreads: Debit call spreads are profitable when the market price of the stock rises.
A debit spread's profit potential is limited. The difference between the long and short strike prices is the maximum potential profit for the trade. The debit paid for the spread is the most significant potential loss that the trader will face.
In the following conditions, debit call spreads are not profitable:If both contracts expire.If both contracts are exercised.The market price of the stock stays the same or goes down is not profitable for a debit call spread strategy.
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Monetary policy is controlled by OA. The Federal Reserve System. OB. The President. OC. Congress O D. The Treasury Department.
The answer to this question is option A. Monetary policy is controlled by the Federal Reserve System. The Federal Reserve System is an independent entity created by Congress to control the monetary policy of the United States.
Monetary policy is the strategy used by a nation's central bank to regulate the supply of money and credit in the economy. The Federal Reserve System has the power to set interest rates, issue money, and control the availability of credit in the economy. It is responsible for maintaining the stability of the financial system, promoting economic growth and employment, and keeping prices stable.
The Federal Reserve System, also known as the Fed, is the central bank of the United States. It was established in 1913 and is responsible for supervising and regulating banks, implementing monetary policy, and providing financial services to the federal government.
The Federal Reserve System is composed of twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks, a Board of Governors, and the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). The FOMC is responsible for implementing monetary policy by setting interest rates and controlling the money supply.
The Federal Reserve System is independent of the President, Congress, and the Treasury Department. This means that it is not subject to political pressure and can make decisions based solely on what is best for the economy. The Fed is accountable to Congress, however, and must report on its activities and policies regularly.
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If D_1 = $1.50, g (which is constant) = 2.1%, and P_0 = $56, then what is the stock's expected capital gains yield for the coming year?
a. 2.50% b. 2.08% c. 2.39% d. 1.66% e. 2.10%
Option a is correct. If D_1 = $1.50, g (which is constant) = 2.1%, and P_0 = $56, then 2.50% is the stock's expected capital gains yield for the coming year.
We can use the following formula to determine the stock's anticipated capital gains yield:
(D1 / P0) - g is the expected capital gains yield.
Given: The anticipated dividend for the upcoming year is $1.50 (D1).
(Constant Growth Rate) g = 2.1%
P0 = $56 (current stock price)
Putting the values in the formula as substitutes:
Expected Capital Gains Yield is equal to ($1.50/$56)-0.021 Expected Capital Gains Yield is equal to 0.0267857-0.021 Expected Capital Gains Yield is equal to 0.0025857.
To put it into percentage form:
Yield on Expected Capital Gains is 25.0857%.
The stock's anticipated capital gains yield for the following year is roughly 2.50%, rounded to two decimal places.
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Corporate Bond = 6.7500%
Municipal Bond = 5.0000%
Solve for the INDIFFERENCE at Rate
ANSWER the FOUR questions on the worksheet
Problem THREE:
INDIFFERENCE TAX RATE ______________________
An investor chose a corporate bond. Why? _____________________________________________
An investor chose a municipal bond. Why? ______________________________________________
An investor is indifferent between the two bonds. Why? ____________________________________
What assumption must be made about the two bond investments? ____________________________
The assumption that must be made about the two bond investments is that all other factors, such as credit risk, maturity, and liquidity, are equal or are not significant factors in the investor's decision.
a. INDIFFERENCE TAX RATE: To solve for the indifference tax rate, we need to determine the tax rate at which an investor would be equally satisfied investing in either the corporate bond or the municipal bond.
b. An investor chose a corporate bond because it offers a higher yield of 6.7500%. Corporate bonds generally have higher interest rates compared to municipal bonds due to their higher credit risk. The investor may have a higher risk tolerance or may seek higher returns, and therefore chose the corporate bond.
c. An investor chose a municipal bond because it offers a lower yield of 5.0000%, but it is typically exempt from federal taxes and sometimes from state and local taxes as well. This tax advantage can make municipal bonds attractive for investors in higher tax brackets. The investor may prioritize tax efficiency or have a lower risk tolerance, leading them to choose the municipal bond.
d. An investor is indifferent between the two bonds when the after-tax return on both bonds is equal. This means that at a specific tax rate, the investor would receive the same amount of after-tax income from both bonds. The indifference tax rate is the tax rate at which the investor is indifferent between the two bonds.
To determine the indifference tax rate, we would need more information regarding the investor's tax bracket and the specific tax treatment of the corporate and municipal bonds.
e. The indifference point is based solely on the after-tax returns of the two bonds, assuming all other factors are equal or not considered in the decision-making process.
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(Inflation and interest rates) What would you expect the nominal rate of interest to be if the real rate is 3.5 percent and the expected inflation rate is 6.7 percent?
The nominal rate of interest would be 10.2%.
What is the nominal rate of interest when the real rate is 3.5% and the expected inflation rate is 6.7%?The nominal rate of interest can be calculated by adding the real rate of interest to the expected inflation rate. In this case:
Nominal Rate of Interest = Real Rate of Interest + Expected Inflation Rate
Nominal Rate of Interest = 3.5% + 6.7%
Nominal Rate of Interest = 10.2%
Therefore, we would expect the nominal rate of interest to be 10.2% when the real rate of interest is 3.5% and the expected inflation rate is 6.7%.
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DIRECTIONS: SOLVE FOR WHAT IS BEING ASKED. TYPE THE COMPLETE SOLUTION.
1. EG Marine Systems is planning to supply a Japanese shipbuilder with aero- derivative gas turbines to power 11 DD-class destroyers for the Japanese Self- Defense Force. The buyer can pay the total contract price of $2,100,000 two years from now (when the turbines will be needed) or an equivalent amount now. At an interest rate of 15% per year, what is the equivalent amount now?
2. Ezra Mechanical Products is planning to set aside $160,000 now for possibly replacing its large synchronous refiner motors whenever it becomes necessary. If the replacement is expected to take place in 3-12 years, how much will the company have in its investment set-aside account? Assume a rate of return of 16% per year compounded quarterly.
3. Five years ago, Diamond Electronics, a division of De Beers, paid $3,150,000 for new diamond cutting tools. At that time, the company estimated an added revenue need of $500,000 to recover the investment at 10% per year. If there is an estimated 8 more years of service with a salvage value of $300,000, compare the revenue needed over the entire life with that estimated 5 years ago.
Revenue needed over the entire life with the estimated 8 more years of service with a salvage value of $300,000 is $5,370,000. However, the estimated added revenue need 5 years ago was $500,000. Therefore, the revenue needed over the entire life has increased.
1. The equivalent amount now that the buyer can pay the total contract price of $2,100,000 two years from now is $1,592,357.14. Calculation is shown below: PV = FV / (1 + i)n
PV = $2,100,000 / (1 + 0.15)2
PV = $1,592,357.14
Therefore, the equivalent amount now is $1,592,357.14
2. The amount that the company will have in its investment set-aside account is $316,900.11.
Calculation is shown below: FV = PV * (1 + r/n)nt
FV = $160,000 * (1 + 0.16/4)4*12/3
FV = $316,900.11
Therefore, the company will have $316,900.11 in its investment set-aside account.
3. The revenue needed over the entire life with the estimated 8 more years of service with a salvage value of $300,000 is $440,551.35. Calculation is shown below:
Total revenue needed = Original investment + Interest - Salvage value
Total revenue needed = $3,150,000 + ($3,150,000 * 0.10 * 8) - $300,000
Total revenue needed = $3,150,000 + $2,520,000 - $300,000
Total revenue needed = $5,370,000
Revenue needed over the entire life with the estimated 8 more years of service with a salvage value of $300,000 is $5,370,000. However, the estimated added revenue need 5 years ago was $500,000. Therefore, the revenue needed over the entire life has increased.
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7.5 points Book Hint Prom The following information is available for Trinkle Company for the month of June: 1. The unadjusted balance per the bank statement on June 30 was $56,490. 2. Deposits in transit on June 30 were $2,945. 3. A debit memo was included with the bank statement for a service charge of $10. 4. A $5,830 check written in June had not been paid by the bank. 5. The bank statement included a $1,150 credit memo for the collection of a note. The principal of the note was $1,100, and the interest collected amounted to $50. Required Determine the true cash balance as of June 30. (Hint: It is not necessary to use all of the preceding items to determine the true balance) True cash balance
The true cash balance of Trinkle Company as of June 30 can be determined with the help of the following:
Unadjusted balance per bank statement on June 30 $56,490
Add: Deposits in transit on June 30 $2,945
Less: Outstanding check $5,830
Adjusted bank balance $53,605
Furthermore, the true cash balance of Trinkle Company as of June 30 can be determined with the help of the following:
Unadjusted balance per the bank statement on June 30 was $56,490.
Deposits in transit on June 30 were $2,945.
A debit memo was included with the bank statement for a service charge of $10.A $5,830 check written in June had not been paid by the bank.
The bank statement included a $1,150 credit memo for the collection of a note.
The principal of the note was $1,100, and the interest collected amounted to $50.
Adjustments in the cash book: Service charge ($10) and interest credited ($50) = $40 adjusted balance
Add: Unpresented checks $5,830
Less: Deposits in transit $2,945True cash balance $59,365
Therefore, the true cash balance of Trinkle Company as of June 30 is $59,365.
In accounting, it is important to reconcile bank statements regularly. The true cash balance of a company can be determined by comparing its cash book to the bank statement. The bank reconciliation statement is a document that shows the differences between the company's cash book balance and the bank statement balance.
The Trinkle Company's bank reconciliation statement for the month of June is a good example of how to determine the true cash balance. The bank statement shows that the unadjusted balance on June 30 was $56,490.
It also shows that deposits in transit on June 30 were $2,945. The company's cash book should show these two amounts as well.The bank statement also shows that a debit memo was included for a service charge of $10. This needs to be subtracted from the cash book balance.
The bank statement also shows that a $5,830 check written in June had not been paid by the bank. This needs to be subtracted from the cash book balance as well.
The bank statement includes a $1,150 credit memo for the collection of a note. The principal of the note was $1,100, and the interest collected amounted to $50.
This needs to be added to the cash book balance. Adjustments in the cash book include the service charge and the interest credited. The adjusted balance is $40.
The true cash balance is calculated by adding the adjusted balance to the unpresented checks and subtracting the deposits in transit. The true cash balance of Trinkle Company as of June 30 is $59,365.
The true cash balance of Trinkle Company as of June 30 is $59,365. The bank reconciliation statement is a document that shows the differences between the company's cash book balance and the bank statement balance. It is important to reconcile bank statements regularly. The Trinkle Company's bank reconciliation statement for the month of June is a good example of how to determine the true cash balance.
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Which of the following statement is true regarding the estimation of project cash flows?
A. Selling an asset at a gain results in lower taxes being paid by the corporation
B. Straight-line depreciation results in smaller depreciation expenses in the earlier years of an asset's useful life.
C. An increase of a project's net working capital reduces that project's incremental cash flows.
D. Opportunity costs should be excluded from the estimates of a project's cash flows.
Straight-line depreciation results in smaller depreciation expenses in the earlier years of an asset's useful life is true regarding the estimation of project cash flows. Therefore, option B is correct.
Among the given options, statement B is true regarding the estimation of project cash flows. Straight-line depreciation is a method of allocating the cost of an asset over its useful life evenly. It assumes that the asset's value decreases at a constant rate every year.
Under straight-line depreciation, the depreciation expense remains constant throughout the asset's useful life. This means that in the earlier years of the asset's useful life, the depreciation expense will be lower compared to later years when the asset is closer to the end of its useful life. Therefore, statement B is correct.
Statement A is not true because selling an asset at a gain may result in higher taxes being paid by the corporation. The gain from the sale of an asset is typically subject to taxation.
Statement C is incorrect because an increase in a project's net working capital generally requires additional investment and can reduce the project's incremental cash flows. Net working capital represents the difference between current assets and current liabilities and is needed to support the project's operations.
Statement D is false because opportunity costs, which represent the value of the next best alternative foregone, should be considered in the estimation of a project's cash flows. Opportunity costs reflect the potential benefits that could be obtained from alternative investment options.
Among the given statements, only statement B is true regarding the estimation of project cash flows. Straight-line depreciation leads to smaller depreciation expenses in the earlier years of an asset's useful life. It is important to consider all relevant factors, including depreciation, taxes, net working capital, and opportunity costs, when estimating project cash flows.
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true/false. as a result of a downturn in the economy, optiplex corporation has excess productive capacity
During an economic downturn, businesses often experience a decline in consumer spending and overall demand for their products or services. As a result, companies may find themselves with excess productive capacity, meaning they have the capability to produce more goods or services than what is currently required by the market.
Excess productive capacity can arise due to several factors. For instance, when demand decreases, businesses may scale back their production levels to avoid overstocking inventories. This reduction in production can lead to underutilization of resources, such as machinery, equipment, and labor. As a result, businesses may have idle or underutilized capacity, which represents the difference between their current production levels and their maximum production capacity.
In the case of Optiplex Corporation, the statement suggests that they have excess productive capacity due to the downturn in the economy. This implies that they have the ability to increase their production levels if the demand for their products were to pick up in the future.
It's important to note that while excess capacity may seem unfavorable in the short term, it can also present opportunities. Businesses can use this period to invest in research and development, improve their operations, or explore new markets, positioning themselves for growth once the economy recovers.
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A low accounts receivable turnover would most likely indicate that: O policies for extending credit to customers are too tight the company is unsuccessful in its efforts to collect cash from customers
A low accounts receivable turnover would most likely indicate that the company is unsuccessful in its efforts to collect cash from customers.
What is Accounts receivable turnoverAccounts receivable turnover is a financial ratio that measures how quickly a company collects payments from its customers. A low turnover implies that the company is taking a longer time to collect payments, indicating difficulties in collecting cash from customers.
When the accounts receivable turnover is low, it suggests that customers are either slow in making payments or that the company is facing challenges in effectively managing and collecting its accounts receivable.
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Sales results that are evaluated by a static budget might show 1. favorable differences that are not justified. 2. unfavorable differences that are not justified.
A) 1
B) 2
C) both 1 and 2
D) neither 1 or 2
Sales results that are evaluated by a static budget might show both favorable and unfavorable differences that are not justified
Hence, the answer is C. both 1 and 2
.What is a static budget?A static budget is a budget that does not change even when actual activity levels differ from the estimated level of activity. The static budget only takes into account the predicted amount of sales, expenses, and revenue. Because actual activity levels are unlikely to match the predicted level, the static budget can offer unfavorable or favorable variances that aren't justified
.A variance is the difference between actual results and budgeted or predicted outcomes. A favorable variance means that actual results exceeded budgeted or predicted results. Conversely, an unfavorable variance means that actual results fell short of budgeted or predicted results.
Sales results that are evaluated by a static budget might show both favorable and unfavorable differences that are not justified.
Thus, the correct answer is C) both 1 and 2.
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Martinez owns machinery that cost $87,000 with accumulated depreciation of $40,000. The company sells the machinery for cash of $42,000. The journal entry to record the sale would include:
a.A credit to Machinery of $47,000.
b.A debit to Cash of $42,000.
c.A credit to Accumulated Depreciation of $40,000.
d.A credit to Gain on Sale of $2,000.
The correct answer is: c. A credit to Accumulated Depreciation of $40,000. To record the sale, we need to remove the machinery's cost and its accumulated depreciation from the books.
The journal entry to record the sale of machinery would involve removing the machinery from the books and recognizing any gain or loss on the sale. In this case, the machinery has a cost of $87,000 and accumulated depreciation of $40,000.
When the machinery is sold for cash of $42,000, it results in a loss because the cash received is less than the net book value of the machinery.
Debit: Cash ($42,000)
This account is debited to record the cash received from the sale of the machinery.
Credit: Machinery ($87,000)
The machinery account is credited with its original cost of $87,000 to remove it from the books.
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation ($40,000)
The accumulated depreciation account is credited with the accumulated depreciation of $40,000. This removes the accumulated depreciation from the books.
Debit/Credit: Loss on Sale (difference)
Since the cash received ($42,000) is less than the net book value ($47,000), a loss on the sale is recognized. The difference between the net book value and the cash received is recorded as a debit to Loss on Sale.
In this scenario, there is no gain on the sale, as the cash received is less than the net book value. So option d, "A credit to Gain on Sale of $2,000," is incorrect.
To summarize, the correct journal entry to record the sale of the machinery would include a debit to Cash of $42,000, a credit to Machinery of $87,000, a credit to Accumulated Depreciation of $40,000, and a debit to Loss on Sale for the difference between the net book value and the cash received.
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What is true of a firm's production if it operates in a perfectly competitive market in long-run equilibrium?
Marginal revenue = demand = marginal cost > average total cost
Marginal revenue = marginal cost = average fixed cost
Average total cost = price = average variable cost
Marginal cost < Marginal revenue
Price = marginal cost = average total cost
The condition "Price = marginal cost = average total cost" is true of a firm's production if it operates in a perfectly competitive market in long-run equilibrium.
In a perfectly competitive market, a firm in long-run equilibrium produces at the point where its short-run marginal cost is equal to the price, and the long-run marginal cost is equal to the average cost, which equals the price. Thus, the answer is "Price = marginal cost = average total cost. "In the long run, all the resources are variable, and the firms can adjust their production level. Perfect competition occurs when the demand and supply are perfectly elastic. Therefore, firms in a perfectly competitive market cannot affect the market price as they are price-takers.
Thus, they must accept the price set by the market. The equilibrium point of the firm, in the long run, is at the point where the market price equals the minimum of its long-run average cost. At this point, the firms earn zero economic profits, and there is no incentive for firms to leave or enter the industry. Thus, the industry is in equilibrium. Further, the conditions of equilibrium require marginal revenue to be equal to marginal cost, demand to be equal to marginal revenue and price, and marginal cost equal to the minimum of the long-run average total cost.
Thus, the condition "Price = marginal cost = average total cost" is true of a firm's production if it operates in a perfectly competitive market in long-run equilibrium.
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Explain why the value of GNP that one would get using
the expenditure approach must equal the value one would get using
the expenditure approach.
The value of Gross National Product (GNP) represents the total value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a given time period, typically a year. There are two main approaches to measuring GNP: the expenditure approach and the income approach.
The expenditure approach calculates GNP by summing up the total expenditures made on final goods and services within the economy. This includes consumption expenditures by households, investment expenditures by businesses, government spending on goods and services, and net exports (exports minus imports).
The income approach, on the other hand, calculates GNP by summing up all the incomes earned by individuals and businesses within the economy. This includes wages, salaries, profits, rents, and other forms of income.
The key reason why the value of GNP obtained using the expenditure approach must equal the value obtained using the income approach is the principle of circular flow of income. In an economy, every dollar spent on goods and services eventually becomes someone's income. For example, when households spend money on goods and services (expenditure), it becomes income for the businesses producing those goods and services. The businesses, in turn, pay wages and salaries to individuals, which become income for the households. This cycle continues throughout the economy.
Due to this circular flow, the total expenditures made on goods and services in an economy must equal the total incomes earned by individuals and businesses. Therefore, the value of GNP obtained using the expenditure approach, which measures total expenditures, must equal the value obtained using the income approach, which measures total incomes.
In summary, the value of GNP obtained using the expenditure approach equals the value obtained using the income approach because every dollar spent on goods and services becomes someone's income within the economy, resulting in a circular flow of income.
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Jaina has a current monthly income of $11,680. She currently lives at her childhood home rent-free. She has been shopping a lot and currently has a balance on her Visa credit card of $250. Jaina also has a Nordstrom credit card, where she currently has a balance of $375. a. What is Jaina's current debt-to-income ratio? Show your calculations. b. Based on your calculations, do you believe Jaina is currently in a good financial situation? Why or why not?
Explanation :
a. Calculation of the current debt-to-income ratio:To calculate Jaina's current debt-to-income ratio, we need to sum up all her monthly debt payments (credit card balances) and divide it by her gross monthly income. Her debt-to-income ratio can be calculated by dividing the total amount of her monthly debts by her monthly income expressed as a percentage.
Using the given figures,
Monthly Income = $11,680
Monthly Credit Card Debt:Visa Card balance = $250
Nordstrom Card balance = $375
Total Credit Card Debt = $250 + $375 = $625
Debt-to-Income Ratio = (Monthly Credit Card Payments / Monthly Income) x 100
Let's calculate the debt-to-income ratio for Jaina:(625 / 11680) x 100 = 5.35%
Therefore, Jaina's current debt-to-income ratio is 5.35%.
b. Evaluation of Jaina's financial situation:A debt-to-income ratio of 5.35 percent indicates that Jaina has a low debt burden relative to her income, which is generally regarded as a good financial position.
Jaina has a good financial situation since her monthly debt payments are significantly less than her monthly income. This indicates that Jaina has more money available for savings or spending and is unlikely to face financial difficulties as a result of her debts.
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The demand and supply for bicycles is given by: Qd = 1000 - 10P Q³ = 2P - 20 The government imposes a per unit tax of Tax = $12. What is new CS and PS? What is the change in consumer and producer surplus compared to equilibrium? What is the Deadweight Loss? What is government revenue? Graph your results.
Note that t the effects of the per unit tax by the government on the bicycle market are:
1. New Consumer Surplus (CS) is $6,020
2. New Producer Surplus (PS) is $6,020
3. Change in Consumer Surplus compared to equilibrium is -$355
4. Change in Producer Surplus compared to equilibrium is $6,020
5. Deadweight Loss is $5,665
6. Government Revenue is $1,680
How is this so?To analyze the effects of a per unit tax on the bicycle market, we'll start by finding the equilibrium price and quantity without the tax.
Equating the quantity demanded (Qd) and quantity supplied (Qs), we have -
1000 - 10P = 2P - 20
12P = 1020
P = 85
Substituting the equilibrium price (P) into either the demand or supply equation, we find the equilibrium quantity (Q) -
Qd = 1000 - 10(85)
Qd = 1000 - 850
Qd = 150
The equilibrium price is $85, and the equilibrium quantity is 150 bicycles.
With the tax imposed, the new supply equation becomes
Qs = 2P - 20 - Tax
Substituting the tax value of $12
Qs = 2P - 20 - 12
Qs = 2P - 32
To find the new equilibrium, we set the quantity demanded equal to the new quantity supplied
1000 - 10P = 2P - 32
12P = 1032
P = 86
Substituting the new equilibrium price into the supply equation
Qs = 2(86) - 32
Qs = 140
The new equilibrium price is $86, and the new equilibrium quantity is 140 bicycles.
Now we can calculate the changes in consumer surplus (CS) and producer surplus (PS) compared to the original equilibrium.
Consumer Surplus (CS)
Original CS = 0.5 * (85 - 0) * (150 - 0) = $6,375
New CS = 0.5 * (86 - 0) * (140 - 0)
= $6,020
Change in CS = New CS - Original CS
= $6,020 - $6,375
= -$355
Producer Surplus (PS)
Original PS = 0.5 * (85 - 0) * (0 - 0)
= $0
New PS = 0.5 * (86 - 0) * (140 - 0)
= $6,020
Change in PS = New PS - Original PS
= $6,020 - $0
= $6,020
The deadweight loss represents the loss in total surplus due to the tax and can be calculated as -
Deadweight Loss = Change in CS + Change in PS
= -$355 + $6,020
= $5,665
Government Revenue
Government Revenue = Tax * Quantity
= $12 * 140
= $1,680
Graphically, the effects of the tax can be represented as a shift in the supply curve upward by the amount of the tax ($12), resulting in a new equilibrium with a higher price and lower quantity.
The area of deadweight loss can be represented by the triangular region between the original and new equilibrium quantities and the demand curve.
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Which of the following best describes the elements of a model of transformational leadership?
a. Forming, storming, norming, performing
b. Idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration
c. Laissez-faire, contingent reward, management by exception, corrective transactions
d. Supporting, controlling, delegating, directing
The elements of a model of transformational leadership are best described by option b: Idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration.
Transformational leadership is a leadership style that focuses on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve higher levels of performance and personal growth. It involves creating a vision, communicating it effectively, and influencing followers to become better versions of themselves.
The four elements of transformational leadership are as follows:
Idealized Influence: The leader serves as a role model and gains the trust, respect, and admiration of followers. They set high ethical standards and are admired for their integrity and character.
Inspirational Motivation: The leader communicates a compelling vision and motivates and inspires followers to work towards achieving that vision. They use effective communication techniques to create enthusiasm and commitment among followers.
Intellectual Stimulation: The leader encourages creativity, innovation, and critical thinking among followers. They challenge assumptions, stimulate new ideas, and promote intellectual growth and problem-solving.
Individualized Consideration: The leader provides individualized support and attention to each follower. They recognize and respect the unique needs, strengths, and potential of each individual, offering guidance, coaching, and mentoring.
These elements collectively contribute to transforming and elevating the performance, motivation, and development of followers, leading to positive organizational outcomes.
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Maxie's Game World sold games to a customer on credit for $3,400, terms 1/10, n/30 and the cost of the games was $2,500. When recording the collection from the customer made within the discount period, in its cash receipts journal, Maxie's would enter:
ed $3,400 in the Accounts Receivable Dr./Sales Cr. column and $3,400 in the Cash Cr. column. O $3,366 in the Cash Dr. column, $34 in the Sales Discount Dr. column and $3,400 in the Accounts Receivable Cr. column. $3,366 in the Cash Dr. column and $3,366 in the Accounts Receivable Cr. column. $3,400 in the Cash Dr. column. $2,500 in the Sales Cr. column, and $2,500 in the Cost of Goods Sold Dr./Inventory Cr. column. x $3,400 in the Cash Dr. column and $3,400 in the Accounts Receivable Cr. column.
Maxie's Game World sold games to a customer on credit for $3,400, with terms of 1/10, n/30. The cost of the games was $2,500. When the customer makes the collection within the discount period, Maxie's will record it as a cash receipt journal.
In this case, the customer gets a 1% discount if they pay within ten days, so the discount would be 1% of $3,400, which equals $34.
Thus, the customer will pay $3,400 - $34, or $3,366.
Therefore, the correct entry for Maxie's would be to debit Cash for $3,366, to debit Sales Discounts for $34, and to credit Accounts Receivable for $3,400.
There should be no entry in the Sales or Cost of Goods Sold accounts as the customer has already paid the entire amount. This is because the cost of goods sold is $2,500,
which is lower than the amount paid by the customer within the discount period. In the above case, the entry would be $3,366 in the Cash Dr. column, $34 in the Sales Discount Dr. column, and $3,400 in the Accounts Receivable Cr. column.
When the customer makes payment within the discount period, this entry will be posted by Maxie's Game World, which will result in a reduction of $34 in the customer's account balance.
The company's cash balance will be increased by $3,366. When the customer pays in full within the discount period, the company loses a portion of its income, but it gains liquidity.
This approach of giving discounts is a common method for businesses to get customers to pay early, allowing them to increase their cash balance. This benefits the company in the short term, but if it's done too often, it could lead to a reduction in income and profits.
Maxie's Game World will record the collection from the customer made within the discount period as follows: $3,366 in the Cash Dr. column, $34 in the Sales Discount Dr. column, and $3,400 in the Accounts Receivable Cr. column.
The company's cash balance will be increased by $3,366.
The cost of goods sold is $2,500, which is lower than the amount paid by the customer within the discount period. This is a good strategy to get customers to pay early, but it should be used with caution.
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At the beginning of the current year, Martin Corporation purchases 20% of the outstanding shares of Foster Company for $200,000 which gave Martin the ability to significantly influence Foster. The price paid reflected Foster's book and fair values of its assets and liabilities. During the current year, Foster reports net income of $25,000 and declares dividends of $15,000. At the end of the current year, what amount should Martin report as investment income from its ownership of Foster's shares?
Answer:
$5,000
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what amount should Martin report as investment income from its ownership of Foster's shares
Using this formula
Amount to be reported as investment income=Net income*Percentage of outstanding shares purchased
Let plug in the formula
Amount to be reported as investment income=$25,000 x 20%
Amount to be reported as investment income= $5,000
Therefore The amount that Martin should report as investment income from its ownership of Foster's shares is $5,000